zendesk / Biz

Time calculations using business hours.

Features

• Support for:
  • Multiple intervals per day.
  • Multiple schedule configurations.
  • Intervals spanning the entire day.
  • Holidays.
  • Breaks (time-segment holidays).
  • Shifts (date-based intervals).
• Second-level calculation precision.
• Seamless Daylight Saving Time handling.
• Schedule intersection.
• Thread safety.

Anti-Features

• No dependency on ActiveSupport.
• No monkey patching by default.

Installation

Add this line to your application's Gemfile:

gem 'biz'

And then execute:

$ bundle

Or install it yourself as:

$ gem install biz

Configuration

Biz.configure do |config|
  config.hours = {
    mon: {'09:00' => '17:00'},
    tue: {'00:00' => '24:00'},
    wed: {'09:00' => '17:00'},
    thu: {'09:00' => '12:00', '13:00' => '17:00'},
    sat: {'10:00' => '14:00'}
  }

  config.shifts = {
    Date.new(2006, 1, 1) => {'09:00' => '12:00'},
    Date.new(2006, 1, 7) => {'08:00' => '10:00', '12:00' => '14:00'}
  }

  config.breaks = {
    Date.new(2006, 1, 2) => {'10:00' => '11:30'},
    Date.new(2006, 1, 3) => {'14:15' => '14:30', '15:40' => '15:50'}
  }

  config.holidays = [Date.new(2016, 1, 1), Date.new(2016, 12, 25)]

  config.time_zone = 'America/Los_Angeles'
end

Shifts act as exceptions to the hours configured for a particular date; that is, if a date is configured with both hours-based intervals and shifts, the shifts are in force and the intervals are disregarded.

Periods occurring on holidays are disregarded. Similarly, any segment of a period that overlaps with a break is treated as inactive.

If global configuration isn't your thing, configure an instance instead:

Biz::Schedule.new do |config|
  # ...
end

Note that times must be specified in 24-hour clock format and time zones must be IANA identifiers.

If you're operating in a threaded environment and want to use the same configuration across threads, save the configured schedule as a global variable:

$biz = Biz::Schedule.new

Usage

# Find the time an amount of business time *before* a specified starting time
Biz.time(30, :minutes).before(Time.utc(2015, 1, 1, 11, 45))

# Find the time an amount of business time *after* a specified starting time
Biz.time(2, :hours).after(Time.utc(2015, 12, 25, 9, 30))

# Calculations can be performed in seconds, minutes, hours, or days
Biz.time(1, :day).after(Time.utc(2015, 1, 8, 10))

# Find the previous business time
Biz.time(0, :hours).before(Time.utc(2016, 1, 8, 6))

# Find the next business time
Biz.time(0, :hours).after(Time.utc(2016, 1, 8, 20))

# Find the amount of business time between two times
Biz.within(Time.utc(2015, 3, 7), Time.utc(2015, 3, 14)).in_seconds

# Find the start of the business day
Biz.periods.on(Date.today).first.start_time

# Find the end of the business day
Biz.periods.on(Date.today).to_a.last.end_time

# Determine if a time is in business hours
Biz.in_hours?(Time.utc(2015, 1, 10, 9))

# Determine if a time is during a break
Biz.on_break?(Time.utc(2016, 6, 3))

# Determine if a time is during a holiday
Biz.on_holiday?(Time.utc(2014, 1, 1))

The same methods can be called on a configured instance:

schedule = Biz::Schedule.new

schedule.in_hours?(Time.utc(2015, 1, 1, 10))

All returned times are in UTC.

If a schedule will be configured with a large number of holidays and performance is a particular concern, it's recommended that holidays are filtered down to those relevant to the calculation(s) at hand before configuration to improve performance.

By dropping down a level, you can get access to the underlying time segments, which you can use to do your own custom calculations or just get a better idea of what's happening under the hood:

Biz.periods.after(Time.utc(2015, 1, 10, 10)).timeline
  .until(Time.utc(2015, 1, 17, 10)).to_a

#=> [#<Biz::TimeSegment start_time=2015-01-10 18:00:00 UTC end_time=2015-01-10 22:00:00 UTC>,
#  #<Biz::TimeSegment start_time=2015-01-12 17:00:00 UTC end_time=2015-01-13 01:00:00 UTC>,
#  #<Biz::TimeSegment start_time=2015-01-13 08:00:00 UTC end_time=2015-01-14 08:00:00 UTC>,
#  #<Biz::TimeSegment start_time=2015-01-14 17:00:00 UTC end_time=2015-01-15 01:00:00 UTC>,
#  #<Biz::TimeSegment start_time=2015-01-15 17:00:00 UTC end_time=2015-01-15 20:00:00 UTC>,
#  #<Biz::TimeSegment start_time=2015-01-15 21:00:00 UTC end_time=2015-01-16 01:00:00 UTC>]

Biz.periods
  .before(Time.utc(2015, 5, 5, 12, 34, 57)).timeline
  .for(Biz::Duration.minutes(3_598)).to_a

#=> [#<Biz::TimeSegment start_time=2015-05-05 07:00:00 UTC end_time=2015-05-05 12:34:57 UTC>,
#  #<Biz::TimeSegment start_time=2015-05-04 16:00:00 UTC end_time=2015-05-05 00:00:00 UTC>,
#  #<Biz::TimeSegment start_time=2015-05-02 17:00:00 UTC end_time=2015-05-02 21:00:00 UTC>,
#  #<Biz::TimeSegment start_time=2015-04-30 20:00:00 UTC end_time=2015-05-01 00:00:00 UTC>,
#  #<Biz::TimeSegment start_time=2015-04-30 16:00:00 UTC end_time=2015-04-30 19:00:00 UTC>,
#  #<Biz::TimeSegment start_time=2015-04-29 16:00:00 UTC end_time=2015-04-30 00:00:00 UTC>,
#  #<Biz::TimeSegment start_time=2015-04-28 07:00:00 UTC end_time=2015-04-29 07:00:00 UTC>,
#  #<Biz::TimeSegment start_time=2015-04-27 20:36:57 UTC end_time=2015-04-28 00:00:00 UTC>]

Day calculation semantics

Unlike seconds, minutes, or hours, a "day" is an ambiguous concept, particularly in relation to the vast number of potential schedule configurations. Because of that, day calculations are implemented with the principle of making the logic as straightforward as possible while knowing not all use cases will be satisfied out of the box.

Here's the logic that's followed:

Find the next day that contains business hours. Starting from the same minute on that day as the specified time, look forward (or back) to find the next moment in time that is in business hours.

Schedule intersection

An intersection of two schedules can be found using &:

schedule_1 = Biz::Schedule.new do |config|
  config.hours = {
    mon: {'09:00' => '17:00'},
    tue: {'10:00' => '16:00'},
    wed: {'09:00' => '17:00'},
    thu: {'10:00' => '16:00'},
    fri: {'09:00' => '17:00'},
    sat: {'11:00' => '14:30'}
  }

  config.shifts = {
    Date.new(2016, 7, 1) => {'10:00' => '13:00', '15:00' => '16:00'},
    Date.new(2016, 7, 2) => {'14:00' => '17:00'}
  }

  config.breaks = {
    Date.new(2016, 6, 2) => {'09:00' => '10:30', '16:00' => '16:30'},
    Date.new(2016, 6, 3) => {'12:15' => '12:45'}
  }

  config.holidays = [Date.new(2016, 1, 1), Date.new(2016, 12, 25)]

  config.time_zone = 'Etc/UTC'
end

schedule_2 = Biz::Schedule.new do |config|
  config.hours = {
    sun: {'10:00' => '12:00'},
    mon: {'08:00' => '10:00'},
    tue: {'11:00' => '15:00'},
    wed: {'16:00' => '18:00'},
    thu: {'11:00' => '12:00', '13:00' => '14:00'}
  }

  config.shifts = {
    Date.new(2016, 7, 1) => {'15:30' => '16:30'},
    Date.new(2016, 7, 5) => {'14:00' => '18:00'}
  }

  config.breaks = {
    Date.new(2016, 6, 3) => {'13:30' => '14:00'},
    Date.new(2016, 6, 4) => {'11:00' => '12:00'}
  }

  config.holidays = [
    Date.new(2016, 1, 1),
    Date.new(2016, 7, 4),
    Date.new(2016, 11, 24)
  ]

  config.time_zone = 'America/Los_Angeles'
end

schedule_1 & schedule_2

The resulting schedule will be a combination of the two schedules: an intersection of the intervals, a union of the breaks and holidays, and the time zone of the first schedule. Any configured shifts will be disregarded.

For the above example, the resulting schedule would be equivalent to one with the following configuration:

Biz::Schedule.new do |config|
  config.hours = {
    mon: {'09:00' => '10:00'},
    tue: {'11:00' => '15:00'},
    wed: {'16:00' => '17:00'},
    thu: {'11:00' => '12:00', '13:00' => '14:00'}
  }

  config.shifts = {
    Date.new(2016, 7, 1) => {'15:30' => '16:00'},
    Date.new(2016, 7, 5) => {'14:00' => '16:00'}
  }

  config.breaks = {
    Date.new(2016, 6, 2) => {'09:00' => '10:30', '16:00' => '16:30'},
    Date.new(2016, 6, 3) => {'12:15' => '12:45', '13:30' => '14:00'},
    Date.new(2016, 6, 4) => {'11:00' => '12:00'}
  }

  config.holidays = [
    Date.new(2016, 1, 1),
    Date.new(2016, 7, 4),
    Date.new(2016, 11, 24),
    Date.new(2016, 12, 25)
  ]

  config.time_zone = 'Etc/UTC'
end

Core extensions

Optional extensions to core classes (Date, Integer, and Time) are available for additional expressiveness:

require 'biz/core_ext'

75.business_seconds.after(Time.utc(2015, 3, 5, 12, 30))

30.business_minutes.before(Time.utc(2015, 1, 1, 11, 45))

5.business_hours.after(Time.utc(2015, 4, 7, 8, 20))

3.business_days.before(Time.utc(2015, 5, 9, 4, 12))

Time.utc(2015, 8, 20, 9, 30).business_hours?

Time.utc(2016, 6, 3, 12).on_break?

Time.utc(2014, 1, 1, 12).on_holiday?

Date.new(2015, 12, 10).business_day?

Contributing

Pull requests are welcome, but consider asking for a feature or bug fix first through the issue tracker. When contributing code, please squash sloppy commits aggressively and follow Tim Pope's guidelines for commit messages.

There are a number of ways to get started after cloning the repository.

To set up your environment:

script/bootstrap

To run the spec suite:

script/spec

To open a console with the gem and sample schedule loaded:

script/console

Alternatives

• business_time
• working_hours

Copyright and license

Copyright 2015-19 Zendesk

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this gem except in compliance with the License.

You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.