free5GC 5GC & UERANSIM UE / RAN Sample Configuration

UERANSIM (5G UE & RAN (gNodeB) implementation) supports IPv4 of PDU Session Type from 2020.11.17 version, and the Data Plane facility has been enabled. Therefore, in order to use U-Plane's DN (Data Network) as a trial, I built a simulation environment for the 5GC mobile network. This briefly describes the overall and configuration files.

List of Sample Configurations

One SMF, Multiple UPFs and DNNs (this article)
Select nearby UPF according to the connected gNodeB
Select UPF based on S-NSSAI
ULCL(Uplink Classifier)
ULCL with one I-UPF and two PSA-UPFs

Miscellaneous Notes

Install MongoDB 6.0 and free5GC WebUI

Overview of free5GC 5GC Simulation Mobile Network
Changes in configuration files of free5GC 5GC and UERANSIM UE / RAN
Network settings of free5GC 5GC and UERANSIM UE / RAN
- Network settings of free5GC 5GC U-Plane1
- Network settings of free5GC 5GC U-Plane2
Build free5GC and UERANSIM
Run free5GC 5GC and UERANSIM UE / RAN
Ping google.com
- Case for going through DN 10.61.0.0/16
Changelog (summary)

Overview of free5GC 5GC Simulation Mobile Network

I created a 5GC mobile network (Internet reachable) for simulation with the aim of creating an environment in which packets can be sent end-to-end with different DNs for each DNN.

The following minimum configuration was set as a condition.

C-Plane have multiple U-Planes.
U-Plane have multiple DNs.
Multiple UEs connect to same DN.

The built simulation environment is as follows.

The 5GC / UE / RAN used are as follows.

5GC - free5GC v3.2.1 - https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc
UE / RAN - UERANSIM v3.2.6 - https://github.com/aligungr/UERANSIM

Each VMs are as follows.

VM #	SW & Role	IP address	OS	Memory (Min)	HDD (Min)
VM1	free5GC 5GC C-Plane	192.168.0.141/24	Ubuntu 20.04	2GB	20GB
VM2	free5GC 5GC U-Plane1	192.168.0.142/24	Ubuntu 20.04	1GB	20GB
VM3	free5GC 5GC U-Plane2	192.168.0.143/24	Ubuntu 20.04	1GB	20GB
VM4	UERANSIM RAN (gNodeB)	192.168.0.131/24	Ubuntu 20.04	1GB	10GB
VM5	UERANSIM UE	192.168.0.132/24	Ubuntu 20.04	1GB	10GB

Subscriber Information (other information is the same) is as follows.
Note. Please select OP or OPc according to the setting of UERANSIM UE configuration files.

UE #	IMSI	DNN	OP/OPc
UE0	001010000000000	internet	OPc
UE1	001010000000001	internet2	OPc
UE2	001010000000002	internet2	OPc
UE3	001010000000003	ims	OPc
UE4	001010000000004	ims	OPc

I registered these information with the free5GC WebUI. In addition, 3GPP TS 35.208 "4.3 Test Sets" is published by 3GPP as test data for the 3GPP authentication and key generation functions (MILENAGE).

Each DNs are as follows.

DN	TUNnel interface of DN	DNN	TUNnel interface of UE	U-Plane #
10.60.0.0/16	upfgtp	internet	uesimtun0	U-Plane1
10.61.0.0/16	upfgtp	internet2	uesimtun1, uesimtun2	U-Plane1
10.62.0.0/16	upfgtp	ims	uesimtun3, uesimtun4	U-Plane2

Additional information.

free5GC 5GC U-Plane worked fine on Raspberry Pi 4 Model B. I used Ubuntu 20.04 (64bit) for Raspberry Pi 4 as the OS. I think it would be convenient to place a compact U-Plane in the edge environment and use it as an end-point for DN.

In addition, I have not confirmed the communication performance.

Changes in configuration files of free5GC 5GC and UERANSIM UE / RAN

Please refer to the following for building free5GC and UERANSIM respectively.

free5GC v3.2.1 - https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/wiki/Installation
UERANSIM v3.2.6 - https://github.com/aligungr/UERANSIM/wiki/Installation

Changes in configuration files of free5GC 5GC C-Plane

The combination of DNN and S-NSSAI parameters can be used in the logic that selects UPF as the connection destination by PFCP.

DNN
S-NSSAI

For the sake of simplicity, This time, only DNN will be changed. S-NSSAI of all UEs is fixed as SST=1 and SD=010203.

free5gc/config/amfcfg.yaml

--- amfcfg.yaml.orig    2022-04-01 20:25:53.176313323 +0900
+++ amfcfg.yaml 2022-04-01 20:40:46.893025409 +0900
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 configuration:
   amfName: AMF # the name of this AMF
   ngapIpList:  # the IP list of N2 interfaces on this AMF
-    - 127.0.0.18
+    - 192.168.0.141
   sbi: # Service-based interface information
     scheme: http # the protocol for sbi (http or https)
     registerIPv4: 127.0.0.18 # IP used to register to NRF
@@ -23,18 +23,18 @@
   servedGuamiList: # Guami (Globally Unique AMF ID) list supported by this AMF
     # <GUAMI> = <MCC><MNC><AMF ID>
     - plmnId: # Public Land Mobile Network ID, <PLMN ID> = <MCC><MNC>
-        mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-        mnc: 93 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mnc: 01 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
       amfId: cafe00 # AMF identifier (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
   supportTaiList:  # the TAI (Tracking Area Identifier) list supported by this AMF
     - plmnId: # Public Land Mobile Network ID, <PLMN ID> = <MCC><MNC>
-        mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-        mnc: 93 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mnc: 01 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
       tac: 1 # Tracking Area Code (uinteger, range: 0~16777215)
   plmnSupportList: # the PLMNs (Public land mobile network) list supported by this AMF
     - plmnId: # Public Land Mobile Network ID, <PLMN ID> = <MCC><MNC>
-        mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-        mnc: 93 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mnc: 01 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
       snssaiList: # the S-NSSAI (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information) list supported by this AMF
         - sst: 1 # Slice/Service Type (uinteger, range: 0~255)
           sd: 010203 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@
           sd: 112233 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
   supportDnnList:  # the DNN (Data Network Name) list supported by this AMF
     - internet
+    - internet2
+    - ims
   nrfUri: http://127.0.0.10:8000 # a valid URI of NRF
   security:  # NAS security parameters
     integrityOrder: # the priority of integrity algorithms

free5gc/config/ausfcfg.yaml

--- ausfcfg.yaml.orig   2022-04-01 20:25:53.176313323 +0900
+++ ausfcfg.yaml        2022-04-03 20:14:00.534684505 +0900
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@
     - nausf-auth # Nausf_UEAuthentication service
   nrfUri: http://127.0.0.10:8000 # a valid URI of NRF
   plmnSupportList: # the PLMNs (Public Land Mobile Network) list supported by this AUSF
-    - mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-      mnc: 93  # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+    - mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+      mnc: 01  # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
     - mcc: 123 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
       mnc: 45  # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
   groupId: ausfGroup001 # ID for the group of the AUSF

free5gc/config/nrfcfg.yaml

--- nrfcfg.yaml.orig    2022-04-01 20:25:53.177313344 +0900
+++ nrfcfg.yaml 2022-04-01 20:42:46.692661495 +0900
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
       pem: config/TLS/nrf.pem # NRF TLS Certificate
       key: config/TLS/nrf.key # NRF TLS Private key
   DefaultPlmnId:
-    mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-    mnc: 93 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+    mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+    mnc: 01 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
   serviceNameList: # the SBI services provided by this NRF, refer to TS 29.510
     - nnrf-nfm # Nnrf_NFManagement service
     - nnrf-disc # Nnrf_NFDiscovery service

free5gc/config/nssfcfg.yaml

--- nssfcfg.yaml.orig   2022-04-01 20:25:53.177313344 +0900
+++ nssfcfg.yaml        2022-04-01 20:44:09.603628178 +0900
@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@
     - nnssf-nssaiavailability # Nnssf_NSSAIAvailability service
   nrfUri: http://127.0.0.10:8000 # a valid URI of NRF
   supportedPlmnList: # the PLMNs (Public land mobile network) list supported by this NSSF
-    - mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-      mnc: 93 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+    - mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+      mnc: 01 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
   supportedNssaiInPlmnList: # Supported S-NSSAI List for each PLMN
     - plmnId: # Public Land Mobile Network ID, <PLMN ID> = <MCC><MNC>
-        mcc: 208 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-        mnc: 93 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mcc: 001 # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+        mnc: 01 # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
       supportedSnssaiList: # Supported S-NSSAIs of the PLMN
         - sst: 1 # Slice/Service Type (uinteger, range: 0~255)
           sd: 010203 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)

free5gc/config/smfcfg.yaml

--- smfcfg.yaml.orig    2022-04-01 20:25:53.177313344 +0900
+++ smfcfg.yaml 2022-04-01 20:54:07.296844993 +0900
@@ -24,26 +24,25 @@
         - dnn: internet # Data Network Name
           dns: # the IP address of DNS
             ipv4: 8.8.8.8
-    - sNssai: # S-NSSAI (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information)
-        sst: 1 # Slice/Service Type (uinteger, range: 0~255)
-        sd: 112233 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
-      dnnInfos: # DNN information list
-        - dnn: internet # Data Network Name
+        - dnn: internet2 # Data Network Name
           dns: # the IP address of DNS
             ipv4: 8.8.8.8
+        - dnn: ims
+          dns:
+            ipv4: 8.8.8.8
   plmnList: # the list of PLMN IDs that this SMF belongs to (optional, remove this key when unnecessary)
-    - mcc: "208" # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
-      mnc: "93" # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+    - mcc: "001" # Mobile Country Code (3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
+      mnc: "01" # Mobile Network Code (2 or 3 digits string, digit: 0~9)
   locality: area1 # Name of the location where a set of AMF, SMF and UPFs are located
   pfcp: # the IP address of N4 interface on this SMF (PFCP)
-    addr: 127.0.0.1
+    addr: 192.168.0.141
   userplaneInformation: # list of userplane information
     upNodes: # information of userplane node (AN or UPF)
       gNB1: # the name of the node
         type: AN # the type of the node (AN or UPF)
-      UPF:  # the name of the node
+      UPF1:  # the name of the node
         type: UPF # the type of the node (AN or UPF)
-        nodeID: 127.0.0.8 # the IP/FQDN of N4 interface on this UPF (PFCP)
+        nodeID: 192.168.0.142 # the IP/FQDN of N4 interface on this UPF (PFCP)
         sNssaiUpfInfos: # S-NSSAI information list for this UPF
           - sNssai: # S-NSSAI (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information)
               sst: 1 # Slice/Service Type (uinteger, range: 0~255)
@@ -52,22 +51,41 @@
               - dnn: internet
                 pools:
                   - cidr: 10.60.0.0/16
-          - sNssai: # S-NSSAI (Single Network Slice Selection Assistance Information)
-              sst: 1 # Slice/Service Type (uinteger, range: 0~255)
-              sd: 112233 # Slice Differentiator (3 bytes hex string, range: 000000~FFFFFF)
-            dnnUpfInfoList: # DNN information list for this S-NSSAI
-              - dnn: internet
+              - dnn: internet2
                 pools:
                   - cidr: 10.61.0.0/16
         interfaces: # Interface list for this UPF
           - interfaceType: N3 # the type of the interface (N3 or N9)
             endpoints: # the IP address of this N3/N9 interface on this UPF
-              - 127.0.0.8
+              - 192.168.0.142
             networkInstance: internet # Data Network Name (DNN)
+          - interfaceType: N3
+            endpoints:
+              - 192.168.0.142
+            networkInstance: internet2
+      UPF2:
+        type: UPF
+        nodeID: 192.168.0.143
+        sNssaiUpfInfos:
+          - sNssai:
+              sst: 1
+              sd: 010203
+            dnnUpfInfoList:
+              - dnn: ims
+                pools:
+                  - cidr: 10.62.0.0/16
+        interfaces:
+          - interfaceType: N3
+            endpoints:
+              - 192.168.0.143
+            networkInstance: ims
     links: # the topology graph of userplane, A and B represent the two nodes of each link
       - A: gNB1
-        B: UPF
+        B: UPF1
+      - A: gNB1
+        B: UPF2
   nrfUri: http://127.0.0.10:8000 # a valid URI of NRF
+  ulcl: false
 
 # the kind of log output
 # debugLevel: how detailed to output, value: trace, debug, info, warn, error, fatal, panic

Changes in configuration files of free5GC 5GC U-Plane1

free5gc/config/upfcfg.yaml

--- upfcfg.yaml.orig    2022-08-11 14:42:32.545805826 +0900
+++ upfcfg.yaml 2022-08-11 14:53:00.703425741 +0900
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 
 # The listen IP and nodeID of the N4 interface on this UPF (Can't set to 0.0.0.0)
 pfcp:
-  addr: 127.0.0.8   # IP addr for listening
-  nodeID: 127.0.0.8 # External IP or FQDN can be reached
+  addr: 192.168.0.142   # IP addr for listening
+  nodeID: 192.168.0.142 # External IP or FQDN can be reached
   retransTimeout: 1s # retransmission timeout
   maxRetrans: 3 # the max number of retransmission
 
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
   # The IP list of the N3/N9 interfaces on this UPF
   # If there are multiple connection, set addr to 0.0.0.0 or list all the addresses
   ifList:
-    - addr: 127.0.0.8
+    - addr: 192.168.0.142
       type: N3
       # name: upf.5gc.nctu.me
       # ifname: gtpif
@@ -21,8 +21,10 @@
 # The DNN list supported by UPF
 dnnList:
   - dnn: internet # Data Network Name
-    cidr: 10.60.0.0/24 # Classless Inter-Domain Routing for assigned IPv4 pool of UE
+    cidr: 10.60.0.0/16 # Classless Inter-Domain Routing for assigned IPv4 pool of UE
     # natifname: eth0
+  - dnn: internet2
+    cidr: 10.61.0.0/16
 
 logger: # log output setting
   enable: true # true or false

Changes in configuration files of free5GC 5GC U-Plane2

free5gc/config/upfcfg.yaml

--- upfcfg.yaml.orig    2022-08-11 14:44:10.418739050 +0900
+++ upfcfg.yaml 2022-08-11 14:57:26.340226675 +0900
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 
 # The listen IP and nodeID of the N4 interface on this UPF (Can't set to 0.0.0.0)
 pfcp:
-  addr: 127.0.0.8   # IP addr for listening
-  nodeID: 127.0.0.8 # External IP or FQDN can be reached
+  addr: 192.168.0.143   # IP addr for listening
+  nodeID: 192.168.0.143 # External IP or FQDN can be reached
   retransTimeout: 1s # retransmission timeout
   maxRetrans: 3 # the max number of retransmission
 
@@ -13,15 +13,15 @@
   # The IP list of the N3/N9 interfaces on this UPF
   # If there are multiple connection, set addr to 0.0.0.0 or list all the addresses
   ifList:
-    - addr: 127.0.0.8
+    - addr: 192.168.0.143
       type: N3
       # name: upf.5gc.nctu.me
       # ifname: gtpif
 
 # The DNN list supported by UPF
 dnnList:
-  - dnn: internet # Data Network Name
-    cidr: 10.60.0.0/24 # Classless Inter-Domain Routing for assigned IPv4 pool of UE
+  - dnn: ims # Data Network Name
+    cidr: 10.62.0.0/16 # Classless Inter-Domain Routing for assigned IPv4 pool of UE
     # natifname: eth0
 
 logger: # log output setting

Changes in configuration files of UERANSIM UE / RAN

Changes in configuration files of RAN

UERANSIM/config/free5gc-gnb.yaml

--- free5gc-gnb.yaml.orig       2021-02-11 11:03:28.000000000 +0900
+++ free5gc-gnb.yaml    2022-04-01 21:43:08.519802520 +0900
@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
-mcc: '208'          # Mobile Country Code value
-mnc: '93'           # Mobile Network Code value (2 or 3 digits)
+mcc: '001'          # Mobile Country Code value
+mnc: '01'           # Mobile Network Code value (2 or 3 digits)
 
 nci: '0x000000010'  # NR Cell Identity (36-bit)
 idLength: 32        # NR gNB ID length in bits [22...32]
 tac: 1              # Tracking Area Code
 
-linkIp: 127.0.0.1   # gNB's local IP address for Radio Link Simulation (Usually same with local IP)
-ngapIp: 127.0.0.1   # gNB's local IP address for N2 Interface (Usually same with local IP)
-gtpIp: 127.0.0.1    # gNB's local IP address for N3 Interface (Usually same with local IP)
+linkIp: 192.168.0.131   # gNB's local IP address for Radio Link Simulation (Usually same with local IP)
+ngapIp: 192.168.0.131   # gNB's local IP address for N2 Interface (Usually same with local IP)
+gtpIp: 192.168.0.131    # gNB's local IP address for N3 Interface (Usually same with local IP)
 
 # List of AMF address information
 amfConfigs:
-  - address: 127.0.0.1
+  - address: 192.168.0.141
     port: 38412
 
 # List of supported S-NSSAIs by this gNB

Changes in configuration files of UE0 (IMSI-001010000000000)

First, copy free5gc-ue0.yaml from free5gc-ue.yaml.

# cd UERANSIM/config
# cp free5gc-ue.yaml free5gc-ue0.yaml

Next, edit free5gc-ue0.yaml.

UERANSIM/config/free5gc-ue0.yaml

--- free5gc-ue.yaml.orig        2021-09-18 21:11:52.000000000 +0900
+++ free5gc-ue0.yaml    2022-04-01 22:10:37.686699257 +0900
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # IMSI number of the UE. IMSI = [MCC|MNC|MSISDN] (In total 15 digits)
-supi: 'imsi-208930000000003'
+supi: 'imsi-001010000000000'
 # Mobile Country Code value of HPLMN
-mcc: '208'
+mcc: '001'
 # Mobile Network Code value of HPLMN (2 or 3 digits)
-mnc: '93'
+mnc: '01'
 
 # Permanent subscription key
 key: '8baf473f2f8fd09487cccbd7097c6862'
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 
 # List of gNB IP addresses for Radio Link Simulation
 gnbSearchList:
-  - 127.0.0.1
+  - 192.168.0.131
 
 # UAC Access Identities Configuration
 uacAic:

Changes in configuration files of UE1 (IMSI-001010000000001)

First, copy free5gc-ue1.yaml from free5gc-ue.yaml.

# cd UERANSIM/config
# cp free5gc-ue.yaml free5gc-ue1.yaml

Next, edit free5gc-ue1.yaml.

UERANSIM/config/free5gc-ue1.yaml

--- free5gc-ue.yaml.orig        2021-09-18 21:11:52.000000000 +0900
+++ free5gc-ue1.yaml    2022-04-01 21:47:05.064780302 +0900
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # IMSI number of the UE. IMSI = [MCC|MNC|MSISDN] (In total 15 digits)
-supi: 'imsi-208930000000003'
+supi: 'imsi-001010000000001'
 # Mobile Country Code value of HPLMN
-mcc: '208'
+mcc: '001'
 # Mobile Network Code value of HPLMN (2 or 3 digits)
-mnc: '93'
+mnc: '01'
 
 # Permanent subscription key
 key: '8baf473f2f8fd09487cccbd7097c6862'
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 
 # List of gNB IP addresses for Radio Link Simulation
 gnbSearchList:
-  - 127.0.0.1
+  - 192.168.0.131
 
 # UAC Access Identities Configuration
 uacAic:
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 # Initial PDU sessions to be established
 sessions:
   - type: 'IPv4'
-    apn: 'internet'
+    apn: 'internet2'
     slice:
       sst: 0x01
       sd: 0x010203

Changes in configuration files of UE2 (IMSI-001010000000002)

First, copy free5gc-ue2.yaml from free5gc-ue.yaml.

# cd UERANSIM/config
# cp free5gc-ue.yaml free5gc-ue2.yaml

Next, edit free5gc-ue2.yaml.

UERANSIM/config/free5gc-ue2.yaml

--- free5gc-ue.yaml.orig        2021-09-18 21:11:52.000000000 +0900
+++ free5gc-ue2.yaml    2022-04-01 21:47:46.128978779 +0900
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # IMSI number of the UE. IMSI = [MCC|MNC|MSISDN] (In total 15 digits)
-supi: 'imsi-208930000000003'
+supi: 'imsi-001010000000002'
 # Mobile Country Code value of HPLMN
-mcc: '208'
+mcc: '001'
 # Mobile Network Code value of HPLMN (2 or 3 digits)
-mnc: '93'
+mnc: '01'
 
 # Permanent subscription key
 key: '8baf473f2f8fd09487cccbd7097c6862'
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 
 # List of gNB IP addresses for Radio Link Simulation
 gnbSearchList:
-  - 127.0.0.1
+  - 192.168.0.131
 
 # UAC Access Identities Configuration
 uacAic:
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 # Initial PDU sessions to be established
 sessions:
   - type: 'IPv4'
-    apn: 'internet'
+    apn: 'internet2'
     slice:
       sst: 0x01
       sd: 0x010203

Changes in configuration files of UE3 (IMSI-001010000000003)

First, copy free5gc-ue3.yaml from free5gc-ue.yaml.

# cd UERANSIM/config
# cp free5gc-ue.yaml free5gc-ue3.yaml

Next, edit free5gc-ue3.yaml.

UERANSIM/config/free5gc-ue3.yaml

--- free5gc-ue.yaml.orig        2021-09-18 21:11:52.000000000 +0900
+++ free5gc-ue3.yaml    2022-04-01 21:48:36.274214416 +0900
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # IMSI number of the UE. IMSI = [MCC|MNC|MSISDN] (In total 15 digits)
-supi: 'imsi-208930000000003'
+supi: 'imsi-001010000000003'
 # Mobile Country Code value of HPLMN
-mcc: '208'
+mcc: '001'
 # Mobile Network Code value of HPLMN (2 or 3 digits)
-mnc: '93'
+mnc: '01'
 
 # Permanent subscription key
 key: '8baf473f2f8fd09487cccbd7097c6862'
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 
 # List of gNB IP addresses for Radio Link Simulation
 gnbSearchList:
-  - 127.0.0.1
+  - 192.168.0.131
 
 # UAC Access Identities Configuration
 uacAic:
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 # Initial PDU sessions to be established
 sessions:
   - type: 'IPv4'
-    apn: 'internet'
+    apn: 'ims'
     slice:
       sst: 0x01
       sd: 0x010203

Changes in configuration files of UE4 (IMSI-001010000000004)

First, copy free5gc-ue4.yaml from free5gc-ue.yaml.

# cd UERANSIM/config
# cp free5gc-ue.yaml free5gc-ue4.yaml

Next, edit free5gc-ue4.yaml.

UERANSIM/config/free5gc-ue4.yaml

--- free5gc-ue.yaml.orig        2021-09-18 21:11:52.000000000 +0900
+++ free5gc-ue4.yaml    2022-04-01 21:49:14.312388653 +0900
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # IMSI number of the UE. IMSI = [MCC|MNC|MSISDN] (In total 15 digits)
-supi: 'imsi-208930000000003'
+supi: 'imsi-001010000000004'
 # Mobile Country Code value of HPLMN
-mcc: '208'
+mcc: '001'
 # Mobile Network Code value of HPLMN (2 or 3 digits)
-mnc: '93'
+mnc: '01'
 
 # Permanent subscription key
 key: '8baf473f2f8fd09487cccbd7097c6862'
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 
 # List of gNB IP addresses for Radio Link Simulation
 gnbSearchList:
-  - 127.0.0.1
+  - 192.168.0.131
 
 # UAC Access Identities Configuration
 uacAic:
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 # Initial PDU sessions to be established
 sessions:
   - type: 'IPv4'
-    apn: 'internet'
+    apn: 'ims'
     slice:
       sst: 0x01
       sd: 0x010203

Network settings of free5GC 5GC and UERANSIM UE / RAN

Network settings of free5GC 5GC U-Plane1

First, uncomment the next line in the /etc/sysctl.conf file and reflect it in the OS.

net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

# sysctl -p

Next, configure NAPT.

# iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.60.0.0/16 ! -o upfgtp -j MASQUERADE
# iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.61.0.0/16 ! -o upfgtp -j MASQUERADE

Network settings of free5GC 5GC U-Plane2

First, uncomment the next line in the /etc/sysctl.conf file and reflect it in the OS.

net.ipv4.ip_forward=1

# sysctl -p

Next, configure NAPT.

# iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.62.0.0/16 ! -o upfgtp -j MASQUERADE

Build free5GC and UERANSIM

Note. It is recommended to use go1.18.x according to the commit to free5gc/openapi on 2022.10.26.

Please refer to the following for building free5GC and UERANSIM respectively.

free5GC v3.2.1 - https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/wiki/Installation
UERANSIM v3.2.6 - https://github.com/aligungr/UERANSIM/wiki/Installation

Install MongoDB on free5GC 5GC C-Plane machine. It is not necessary to install MongoDB on free5GC 5GC U-Plane machines. MongoDB Compass is a convenient tool to look at the MongoDB database.

Note. If you want to use the latest committed version, please run the following script to checkout all NFs and Web Console to the latest main branch before building.

#!/usr/bin/env bash

NF_LIST="nrf amf smf udr pcf udm nssf ausf upf n3iwf"

for NF in ${NF_LIST}; do
    cd NFs/${NF}
    git checkout main
    cd ../..
done

cd webconsole
git checkout main

cd ..
git checkout main

Run free5GC 5GC and UERANSIM UE / RAN

First run the 5GC, then UERANSIM (UE & RAN implementation).

Run free5GC 5GC U-Plane1 & U-Plane2

First, run free5GC 5GC U-Planes. Please see here for the reason.
Note. It was improved on 2022.11.08, and you don't have to worry about the startup order of C-Plane and U-Plane.

free5GC 5GC U-Plane1

# cd free5gc
# bin/upf

free5GC 5GC U-Plane2

# cd free5gc
# bin/upf

Run free5GC 5GC C-Plane

Next, run free5GC 5GC C-Plane.

free5GC 5GC C-Plane

Create the following shell script and run it.

#!/usr/bin/env bash

PID_LIST=()

NF_LIST="nrf amf smf udr pcf udm nssf ausf"

export GIN_MODE=release

for NF in ${NF_LIST}; do
    ./bin/${NF} &
    PID_LIST+=($!)
    sleep 1
done

function terminate()
{
    sudo kill -SIGTERM ${PID_LIST[${#PID_LIST[@]}-2]} ${PID_LIST[${#PID_LIST[@]}-1]}
    sleep 2
}

trap terminate SIGINT
wait ${PID_LIST}

Run UERANSIM

Here, the case of UE1 (IMSI-001010000000001 set as DNN=internet2) & RAN is described. First, do an NG Setup between gNodeB and 5GC, then register the UE with 5GC and establish a PDU session.

Please refer to the following for usage of UERANSIM.

https://github.com/aligungr/UERANSIM/wiki/Usage

Start gNB

Start gNB as follows.

# ./nr-gnb -c ../config/free5gc-gnb.yaml
UERANSIM v3.2.6
[2022-08-11 15:31:29.042] [sctp] [info] Trying to establish SCTP connection... (192.168.0.141:38412)
[2022-08-11 15:31:29.044] [sctp] [info] SCTP connection established (192.168.0.141:38412)
[2022-08-11 15:31:29.045] [sctp] [debug] SCTP association setup ascId[4]
[2022-08-11 15:31:29.045] [ngap] [debug] Sending NG Setup Request
[2022-08-11 15:31:29.047] [ngap] [debug] NG Setup Response received
[2022-08-11 15:31:29.047] [ngap] [info] NG Setup procedure is successful

The free5GC C-Plane log when executed is as follows.

2022-08-11T15:31:29+09:00 [INFO][AMF][NGAP] [AMF] SCTP Accept from: 192.168.0.131:58560
2022-08-11T15:31:29+09:00 [INFO][AMF][NGAP] Create a new NG connection for: 192.168.0.131:58560
2022-08-11T15:31:29+09:00 [INFO][AMF][NGAP][192.168.0.131:58560] Handle NG Setup request
2022-08-11T15:31:29+09:00 [INFO][AMF][NGAP][192.168.0.131:58560] Send NG-Setup response

Start UE (UE1)

Start UE (UE1) as follows. This will register the UE with 5GC and establish a PDU session.

# ./nr-ue -c ../config/free5gc-ue1.yaml 
UERANSIM v3.2.6
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.852] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [MM-DEREGISTERED/PLMN-SEARCH]
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.853] [rrc] [debug] New signal detected for cell[1], total [1] cells in coverage
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.853] [nas] [info] Selected plmn[001/01]
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.854] [rrc] [info] Selected cell plmn[001/01] tac[1] category[SUITABLE]
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.854] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [MM-DEREGISTERED/PS]
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.855] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [MM-DEREGISTERED/NORMAL-SERVICE]
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.855] [nas] [debug] Initial registration required due to [MM-DEREG-NORMAL-SERVICE]
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.856] [nas] [debug] UAC access attempt is allowed for identity[0], category[MO_sig]
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.856] [nas] [debug] Sending Initial Registration
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.856] [rrc] [debug] Sending RRC Setup Request
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.857] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [MM-REGISTER-INITIATED]
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.858] [rrc] [info] RRC connection established
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.858] [rrc] [info] UE switches to state [RRC-CONNECTED]
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.858] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [CM-CONNECTED]
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.889] [nas] [debug] Authentication Request received
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.897] [nas] [debug] Security Mode Command received
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.897] [nas] [debug] Selected integrity[2] ciphering[0]
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.941] [nas] [debug] Registration accept received
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.941] [nas] [info] UE switches to state [MM-REGISTERED/NORMAL-SERVICE]
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.941] [nas] [debug] Sending Registration Complete
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.941] [nas] [info] Initial Registration is successful
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.942] [nas] [debug] Sending PDU Session Establishment Request
[2022-08-11 15:32:13.942] [nas] [debug] UAC access attempt is allowed for identity[0], category[MO_sig]
[2022-08-11 15:32:14.197] [nas] [debug] PDU Session Establishment Accept received
[2022-08-11 15:32:14.202] [nas] [info] PDU Session establishment is successful PSI[1]
[2022-08-11 15:32:14.224] [app] [info] Connection setup for PDU session[1] is successful, TUN interface[uesimtun0, 10.61.0.1] is up.

The free5GC C-Plane log when executed is as follows.

2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AMF][NGAP][192.168.0.131:58560] Handle Initial UE Message
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][LIB][FSM] Handle event[Gmm Message], transition from [Deregistered] to [Deregistered]
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AMF][GMM][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1] Handle Registration Request
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][LIB][FSM] Handle event[Start Authentication], transition from [Deregistered] to [Authentication]
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AMF][GMM][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1] Authentication procedure
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DSCV] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=AMF&target-nf-type=AUSF |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][UeAuthPost] HandleUeAuthPostRequest
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][UeAuthPost] Serving network authorized
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DSCV] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=AUSF&service-names=nudm-ueau&target-nf-type=UDM |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDM][UEAU] Handle GenerateAuthDataRequest
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDM][Suci] suciPart: [suci 0 001 01 0000 0 0 0000000001]
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDM][Suci] scheme 0
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDM][Suci] SUPI type is IMSI
http://127.0.0.10:8000
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DSCV] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=UDM&target-nf-type=UDR |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DRepo] Handle QueryAuthSubsData
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000001/authentication-data/authentication-subscription |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [ERRO][UDM][UEAU] opStr length is  0
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DRepo] Handle ModifyAuthentication
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 204 |       127.0.0.1 | PATCH   | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000001/authentication-data/authentication-subscription |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nudm-ueau/v1/suci-0-001-01-0000-0-0-0000000001/security-information/generate-auth-data |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][UeAuthPost] Add SuciSupiPair (suci-0-001-01-0000-0-0-0000000001, imsi-001010000000001) to map.
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][UeAuthPost] Use 5G AKA auth method
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][5gAkaAuth] XresStar = 3530333665383435343538376134623066643438396366653232653238656637
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nausf-auth/v1/ue-authentications |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AMF][GMM][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1] Send Authentication Request
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AMF][NGAP][192.168.0.131:58560][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1] Send Downlink Nas Transport
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AMF][NGAP][192.168.0.131:58560][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1] Uplink NAS Transport (RAN UE NGAP ID: 1)
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][LIB][FSM] Handle event[Gmm Message], transition from [Authentication] to [Authentication]
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AMF][GMM][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1] Handle Authentication Response
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][5gAkaAuth] Auth5gAkaComfirmRequest
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][5gAkaAuth] res*: 3530333665383435343538376134623066643438396366653232653238656637
Xres*: 3530333665383435343538376134623066643438396366653232653238656637
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][5gAkaAuth] 5G AKA confirmation succeeded
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDM][UEAU] Handle ConfirmAuthDataRequest
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DRepo] Handle CreateAuthenticationStatus
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 204 |       127.0.0.1 | PUT     | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000001/authentication-data/authentication-status |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nudm-ueau/v1/imsi-001010000000001/auth-events |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AUSF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | PUT     | /nausf-auth/v1/ue-authentications/suci-0-001-01-0000-0-0-0000000001/5g-aka-confirmation |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][LIB][FSM] Handle event[Authentication Success], transition from [Authentication] to [SecurityMode]
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AMF][GMM][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1][SUPI:imsi-001010000000001] Send Security Mode Command
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AMF][NGAP][192.168.0.131:58560][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1] Send Downlink Nas Transport
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AMF][NGAP][192.168.0.131:58560][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1] Uplink NAS Transport (RAN UE NGAP ID: 1)
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][LIB][FSM] Handle event[Gmm Message], transition from [SecurityMode] to [SecurityMode]
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AMF][GMM][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1][SUPI:imsi-001010000000001] Handle Security Mode Complete
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][LIB][FSM] Handle event[SecurityMode Success], transition from [SecurityMode] to [ContextSetup]
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AMF][GMM][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1][SUPI:imsi-001010000000001] Handle InitialRegistration
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DSCV] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=AMF&supi=imsi-001010000000001&target-nf-type=UDM |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] Handle GetNssai
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DRepo] Handle QueryAmData
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000001/00101/provisioned-data/am-data?supported-features= |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudm-sdm/v1/imsi-001010000000001/nssai?plmn-id=%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AMF][GMM][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1][SUPI:imsi-001010000000001] RequestedNssai - ServingSnssai: &{Sst:1 Sd:010203}, HomeSnssai: <nil>
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DSCV] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=AMF&supi=imsi-001010000000001&target-nf-type=UDM |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDM][UECM] Handle RegistrationAmf3gppAccess
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDM][UECM] UEID: imsi-001010000000001
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DRepo] Handle CreateAmfContext3gpp
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 204 |       127.0.0.1 | PUT     | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000001/context-data/amf-3gpp-access |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | PUT     | /nudm-uecm/v1/imsi-001010000000001/registrations/amf-3gpp-access |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] Handle GetAmData
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DRepo] Handle QueryAmData
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000001/00101/provisioned-data/am-data?supported-features=%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudm-sdm/v1/imsi-001010000000001/am-data?plmn-id=%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] Handle GetSmfSelectData
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DRepo] Handle QuerySmfSelectData
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000001/00101/provisioned-data/smf-selection-subscription-data?supported-features= |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudm-sdm/v1/imsi-001010000000001/smf-select-data?plmn-id=%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] Handle GetUeContextInSmfData
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DRepo] Handle QuerySmfRegList
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000001/context-data/smf-registrations?supported-features= |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudm-sdm/v1/imsi-001010000000001/ue-context-in-smf-data |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] Handle Subscribe
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DRepo] Handle CreateSdmSubscriptions
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000001/context-data/sdm-subscriptions |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nudm-sdm/v1/imsi-001010000000001/sdm-subscriptions |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DSCV] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?preferred-locality=area1&requester-nf-type=AMF&supi=imsi-001010000000001&target-nf-type=PCF |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][PCF][Ampolicy] Handle AM Policy Create Request
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DSCV] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=PCF&target-nf-type=UDR |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DRepo] Handle PolicyDataUesUeIdAmDataGet
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/policy-data/ues/imsi-001010000000001/am-data |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DSCV] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?guami=%7B%22plmnId%22%3A%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D%2C%22amfId%22%3A%22cafe00%22%7D&requester-nf-type=PCF&target-nf-type=AMF |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Comm] Handle AMF Status Change Subscribe Request
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Comm] new AMF Status Subscription[1]
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AMF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /namf-comm/v1/subscriptions |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][PCF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /npcf-am-policy-control/v1/policies |
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AMF][GMM][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1][SUPI:imsi-001010000000001] Send Registration Accept
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AMF][NGAP][192.168.0.131:58560][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1] Send Initial Context Setup Request
2022-08-11T15:32:13+09:00 [INFO][AMF][NGAP][192.168.0.131:58560][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1] Handle Initial Context Setup Response
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][AMF][NGAP][192.168.0.131:58560][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1] Uplink NAS Transport (RAN UE NGAP ID: 1)
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][LIB][FSM] Handle event[Gmm Message], transition from [ContextSetup] to [ContextSetup]
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][AMF][GMM][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1][SUPI:imsi-001010000000001] Handle Registration Complete
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][LIB][FSM] Handle event[ContextSetup Success], transition from [ContextSetup] to [Registered]
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][AMF][NGAP][192.168.0.131:58560][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1] Uplink NAS Transport (RAN UE NGAP ID: 1)
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][LIB][FSM] Handle event[Gmm Message], transition from [Registered] to [Registered]
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][AMF][GMM][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1][SUPI:imsi-001010000000001] Handle UL NAS Transport
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][AMF][GMM][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1][SUPI:imsi-001010000000001] Transport 5GSM Message to SMF
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][AMF][GMM][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1][SUPI:imsi-001010000000001] Select SMF [snssai: {Sst:1 Sd:010203}, dnn: internet2]
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DSCV] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=AMF&target-nf-type=NSSF |
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][NSSF][NsSelect] Handle NSSelectionGet
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][NSSF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnssf-nsselection/v1/network-slice-information?nf-id=a345b53b-4402-4c45-b480-dc9b30eba7d1&nf-type=AMF&slice-info-request-for-pdu-session=%7B%22sNssai%22%3A%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22010203%22%7D%2C%22roamingIndication%22%3A%22NON_ROAMING%22%7D |
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DSCV] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?dnn=internet2&preferred-locality=area1&requester-nf-type=AMF&service-names=nsmf-pdusession&snssais=%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22010203%22%7D&target-nf-type=SMF&target-plmn-list=%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D |
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Receive Create SM Context Request
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] In HandlePDUSessionSMContextCreate
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DSCV] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=SMF&target-nf-type=UDM |
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Send NF Discovery Serving UDM Successfully
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][SMF][CTX] Allocated UE IP address: 10.61.0.1
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][SMF][CTX] Selected UPF: UPF1
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] UE[imsi-001010000000001] PDUSessionID[1] IP[10.61.0.1]
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] Handle GetSmData
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][UDM][SDM] getSmDataProcedure: SUPI[imsi-001010000000001] PLMNID[00101] DNN[internet2] SNssai[{"sst":1,"sd":"010203"}]
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DRepo] Handle QuerySmData
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/subscription-data/imsi-001010000000001/00101/provisioned-data/sm-data?single-nssai=%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22010203%22%7D |
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][UDM][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudm-sdm/v1/imsi-001010000000001/sm-data?dnn=internet2&plmn-id=%7B%22mcc%22%3A%22001%22%2C%22mnc%22%3A%2201%22%7D&single-nssai=%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22010203%22%7D |
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GSM] In HandlePDUSessionEstablishmentRequest
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][NAS][Convert] ProtocolOrContainerList:  [0xc0001c2440 0xc0001c2480]
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GSM] Protocol Configuration Options
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GSM] &{[0xc0001c2440 0xc0001c2480]}
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GSM] Didn't Implement container type IPAddressAllocationViaNASSignallingUL
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] PCF Selection for SMContext SUPI[imsi-001010000000001] PDUSessionID[1]
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DSCV] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?preferred-locality=area1&requester-nf-type=SMF&target-nf-type=PCF |
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][PCF][SMpolicy] Handle CreateSmPolicy
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][UDR][DRepo] Handle PolicyDataUesUeIdSmDataGet
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][UDR][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nudr-dr/v1/policy-data/ues/imsi-001010000000001/sm-data?dnn=internet2&snssai=%7B%22sst%22%3A1%2C%22sd%22%3A%22010203%22%7D |
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][PCF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /npcf-smpolicycontrol/v1/sm-policies |
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] SUPI[imsi-001010000000001] has no pre-config route
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][NRF][DSCV] Handle NFDiscoveryRequest
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][NRF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | GET     | /nnrf-disc/v1/nf-instances?requester-nf-type=SMF&target-nf-instance-id=a345b53b-4402-4c45-b480-dc9b30eba7d1&target-nf-type=AMF |
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][SMF][Consumer] SendNFDiscoveryServingAMF ok
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GIN] | 201 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nsmf-pdusession/v1/sm-contexts |
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Sending PFCP Session Establishment Request
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][AMF][GMM][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1][SUPI:imsi-001010000000001] create smContext[pduSessionID: 1] Success
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][LIB][PFCP] Remove Request Transaction [3]
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Received PFCP Session Establishment Accepted Response
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][AMF][Producer] Handle N1N2 Message Transfer Request
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][AMF][NGAP][192.168.0.131:58560][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1] Send PDU Session Resource Setup Request
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][AMF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /namf-comm/v1/ue-contexts/imsi-001010000000001/n1-n2-messages |
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][AMF][NGAP][192.168.0.131:58560][AMF_UE_NGAP_ID:1] Handle PDU Session Resource Setup Response
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Receive Update SM Context Request
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] In HandlePDUSessionSMContextUpdate
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Sending PFCP Session Modification Request to AN UPF
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][LIB][PFCP] Remove Request Transaction [4]
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][SMF][PduSess] Received PFCP Session Modification Accepted Response from AN UPF
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][SMF][GIN] | 200 |       127.0.0.1 | POST    | /nsmf-pdusession/v1/sm-contexts/urn:uuid:6dac634f-855e-4c2d-ac03-7f1f5f6a7e8b/modify |

The free5GC U-Plane1 log when executed is as follows.

2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][UPF][Pfcp][192.168.0.142:8805] handleSessionEstablishmentRequest
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][UPF][Pfcp][192.168.0.142:8805][rNodeID:192.168.0.141][SEID:L(0x1),R(0x1)] New session
2022-08-11T15:32:14+09:00 [INFO][UPF][Pfcp][192.168.0.142:8805] handleSessionModificationRequest

Looking at the console log of the nr-ue command, UE1 has been assigned the IP address 10.61.0.1 from free5GC 5GC.

[2022-08-11 15:32:14.224] [app] [info] Connection setup for PDU session[1] is successful, TUN interface[uesimtun0, 10.61.0.1] is up.

Just in case, make sure it matches the IP address of the UE1's TUNnel interface. In this case, since UE1 was connected first, uesimtun0 was created as the TUNnel interface of UE1 instead of uesimtun1.

# ip addr show
...
5: uesimtun0: <POINTOPOINT,PROMISC,NOTRAILERS,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1400 qdisc fq_codel state UNKNOWN group default qlen 500
    link/none 
    inet 10.61.0.1/32 scope global uesimtun0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::f272:74a3:d7a9:67ef/64 scope link stable-privacy 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
...

Ping google.com

Specify the UE1's TUNnel interface and try ping.

Please refer to the following for usage of TUNnel interface.

https://github.com/aligungr/UERANSIM/wiki/Usage

Case for going through DN 10.61.0.0/16

Execute tcpdump on VM2 (U-Plane1) and check that the packet goes through if=upfgtp.

ping google.com on VM5 (UE1)

# ping google.com -I uesimtun0 -n
PING google.com (172.217.31.142) from 10.61.0.1 uesimtun0: 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.217.31.142: icmp_seq=1 ttl=61 time=20.6 ms
64 bytes from 172.217.31.142: icmp_seq=2 ttl=61 time=19.2 ms
64 bytes from 172.217.31.142: icmp_seq=3 ttl=61 time=19.0 ms

Run tcpdump on VM2 (U-Plane1)

# tcpdump -i upfgtp -n
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on upfgtp, link-type RAW (Raw IP), capture size 262144 bytes
15:36:03.089697 IP 10.61.0.1 > 172.217.31.142: ICMP echo request, id 2, seq 1, length 64
15:36:03.107817 IP 172.217.31.142 > 10.61.0.1: ICMP echo reply, id 2, seq 1, length 64
15:36:04.091273 IP 10.61.0.1 > 172.217.31.142: ICMP echo request, id 2, seq 2, length 64
15:36:04.108420 IP 172.217.31.142 > 10.61.0.1: ICMP echo reply, id 2, seq 2, length 64
15:36:05.092968 IP 10.61.0.1 > 172.217.31.142: ICMP echo request, id 2, seq 3, length 64
15:36:05.110258 IP 172.217.31.142 > 10.61.0.1: ICMP echo reply, id 2, seq 3, length 64

You could specify the IP address assigned to the TUNnel interface to run almost any applications as in the following example using nr-binder tool.

Run curl google.com on VM5 (UE1)

# sh nr-binder 10.61.0.1 curl google.com
<HTML><HEAD><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
<TITLE>301 Moved</TITLE></HEAD><BODY>
<H1>301 Moved</H1>
The document has moved
<A HREF="http://www.google.com/">here</A>.
</BODY></HTML>

Run tcpdump on VM2 (U-Plane1)

15:36:56.056456 IP 10.61.0.1.47427 > 172.217.31.142.80: Flags [S], seq 3415222222, win 65280, options [mss 1360,sackOK,TS val 3115568996 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0
15:36:56.074653 IP 172.217.31.142.80 > 10.61.0.1.47427: Flags [S.], seq 11904001, ack 3415222223, win 65535, options [mss 1460], length 0
15:36:56.076945 IP 10.61.0.1.47427 > 172.217.31.142.80: Flags [.], ack 1, win 65280, length 0
15:36:56.077372 IP 10.61.0.1.47427 > 172.217.31.142.80: Flags [P.], seq 1:75, ack 1, win 65280, length 74: HTTP: GET / HTTP/1.1
15:36:56.077567 IP 172.217.31.142.80 > 10.61.0.1.47427: Flags [.], ack 75, win 65535, length 0
15:36:56.139017 IP 172.217.31.142.80 > 10.61.0.1.47427: Flags [P.], seq 1:529, ack 75, win 65535, length 528: HTTP: HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently
15:36:56.142108 IP 10.61.0.1.47427 > 172.217.31.142.80: Flags [.], ack 529, win 64752, length 0
15:36:56.144943 IP 10.61.0.1.47427 > 172.217.31.142.80: Flags [F.], seq 75, ack 529, win 64752, length 0
15:36:56.145142 IP 172.217.31.142.80 > 10.61.0.1.47427: Flags [.], ack 76, win 65535, length 0
15:36:56.163936 IP 172.217.31.142.80 > 10.61.0.1.47427: Flags [F.], seq 529, ack 76, win 65535, length 0
15:36:56.165784 IP 10.61.0.1.47427 > 172.217.31.142.80: Flags [.], ack 530, win 64752, length 0

Please note that the ping tool does not work with nr-binder. Please refer to here for the reason.

For UE0 and UE2-UE4 as well, execute tcpdump on each U-Plane and check the packets flowing through upfgtp.

You could now create the end-to-end TUN interfaces on the DN and send any packets on the network.

In investigating 5G SA, I have built a simulation environment and can now use a very useful system for investigating 5GC and MEC of 5G SA mobile network. I would like to thank the excellent developers and all the contributors of free5GC and UERANSIM.

Changelog (summary)

[2022.08.11] Updated to free5GC v3.2.1.
[2022.04.03] Updated to free5GC v3.1.0 and UERANSIM v3.2.6.
[2021.09.25] Updated to free5GC v3.0.6.
[2021.08.29] Updated free5GC to the version of 2021.08.29 and updated UERANSIM to v3.2.3.
[2021.03.27] Updated free5GC to the version of 2021.03.26 and updated UERANSIM to v3.1.5.
[2021.03.10] Updated to UERANSIM v3.1.3.
[2021.02.08] Initial release.

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s5uishida / free5gc_ueransim_sample_config

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