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All Projects → glinuz → hi3798mv100

glinuz / hi3798mv100

Licence: other
How to build linux kernel with HiSilicon hi3798 arm, and create ubuntu rootfs.

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Hi3798mv100 （Huawei ec6108v9 IPTV）Linux的编译 烧录 blog

本文记录了为华为机顶盒EC6108v9（海思Hi3798mv100芯片）编译内核、烧录uboot以及刷入Ubuntu 16.04 rootfs的过程。同时，恶补了一下uboot的相关知识。

基本环境

目标板：IPTV退役的华为机顶盒EC6108v9（ hisilicon Hi3798mv100 2G 8G emmc） 编译环境：Ubuntu 16.04 32bit VM 海思linux内核：HiSTBLinux 适用于hi3798mv100 mv200 SDK: HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC041B020

环境准备

git clone https://github.com/glinuz/hi3798mv100
#切换到工作目录
cd HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC041B020  #$SDK_path
#安装需要的编译工具，可以使用SDK带的shell脚本，也可以自己安装
sh server_install.sh
#or
apt-get install gcc make gettext bison flex bc zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev lzma
#拷贝SDK中预先定义的
cp configs/hi3798mv100/hi3798mdmo1g_hi3798mv100_cfg.mak ./cfg.mak

source ./env.sh  #SDK各种环境变量
#按需修改编译的配置
make menuconfig
make build -j4 2>&1  | tee -a buildlog.txt

制成功后，在out/hi3798mv100可以找到编译好的fastboot-burn.bin、bootargs.bin、hi_kernel.bin，分别是uboot引导文件、uboot引导参数配置和linux内核。

使用HiTool烧录到eMMC

TTL连接图见[hi3798mv100-ec6109.jpg]，具体烧录方案可以搜索hitool教程。

hitool烧录界面配置建[hit00l-burn.png]

eMMC分区为uboot 1M、bootargs 1M、kernel 8M、rootfs 128M，具体见[emmc_partitions.xml].

如果修改分区大小，调整分区大小，需同步修改bootargs.txt 和 emmc_partitions.xml。

configs/hi3798mv100/prebuilts/bootargs.txt，并重新生成bootargs.bin文件

bootcmd=mmc read 0 0x1FFFFC0 0x1000 0x4000;bootm 0x1FFFFC0
bootargs=console=ttyAMA0,115200 root=/dev/mmcblk0p4 rootfstype=ext4 rootwait blkdevparts=mmcblk0:1M(fastboot),1M(bootargs),8M(kernel),128M(rootfs),-(system)

mkbootargs  -s 1M -r bootargs.txt  -o bootargs.bin

bootcmd操作说明：从第0个mmc设备块上2M字节处开始（0x1000的十进制4096,4096512/1024=2M），读取16×512个字节（0x4000的十进制16384512/1024=8M）到内存0x1FFFFC0处，并从此处引导。

打开串口console，以便进行调试。console=ttyAMA0,115200 uboot启动过程输出如下：

Bootrom start
Boot from eMMC
Starting fastboot ...

System startup
DDRS
Reg Version:  v1.1.0
Reg Time:     2016/1/18  14:01:18
Reg Name:     hi3798mdmo1g_hi3798mv100_ddr3_1gbyte_16bitx2_4layers_emmc.reg

Jump to DDR


Fastboot 3.3.0 (root@glinuz) (Jul 25 2020 - 08:25:47)

Fastboot:      Version 3.3.0
Build Date:    Jul 25 2020, 08:26:41
CPU:           Hi3798Mv100 
Boot Media:    eMMC
DDR Size:      1GB


MMC/SD controller initialization.
MMC/SD Card:
    MID:         0x15
    Read Block:  512 Bytes
    Write Block: 512 Bytes
    Chip Size:   7456M Bytes (High Capacity)
    Name:        "8GME4R"
    Chip Type:   MMC
    Version:     5.1
    Speed:       52000000Hz
    Mode:        DDR50
    Bus Width:   8bit
    Boot Addr:   0 Bytes
Net:   upWarning: failed to set MAC address


Boot Env on eMMC
    Env Offset:          0x00100000
    Env Size:            0x00010000
    Env Range:           0x00010000
ID_WORD have already been locked


SDK Version: HiSTBLinuxV100R005C00SPC041B020_20161028

Reserve Memory
    Start Addr:          0x3FFFE000
    Bound Addr:          0x8D24000
    Free  Addr:          0x3F8FC000
    Alloc Block:  Addr         Size
                  0x3FBFD000   0x400000
                  0x3F8FC000   0x300000

Press Ctrl+C to stop autoboot

MMC read: dev # 0, block # 4096, count 16384 ... 16384 blocks read: OK

84937034 Bytes/s
## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 01ffffc0 ...
   Image Name:   Linux-3.18.24_s40
   Image Type:   ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
   Data Size:    6959232 Bytes = 6.6 MiB
   Load Address: 02000000
   Entry Point:  02000000
   Verifying Checksum ... OK
   XIP Kernel Image ... OK
OK
ATAGS [0x00000100 - 0x00000300], 512Bytes

Starting kernel ...

高级编译

自定义linux内核

ARM平台内核配置文件采用defconfig格式，正确使用和保存deconfig的流程如下：

source/kernel/linux-3.18.y/arch/arm/configs/hi3798mv100_defconfig cd source/kernel/linux-3.18.y/ 可以使用本git库提供的hi3798mv100_defconfig-0812

  1. 先备份hi3798mv100_defconfig
  2. make ARCH=arm hi3798mv100_defconfig #从defconfig生成标准linux内核配置.config文件
  3. make ARCH=arm menuconfig #修改内核配置，并保存
  4. make ARCH=arm savedefconfig #重新生成defconfg文件
  5. cp defconfig arch/arm/configs/hi3798mv100_defconfig #复制defconfig文件到正确的位置。
  6. make distclean #清理之前编译生产的文件
  7. cd $SDK_path;make linux #重新编译kernel

需关注的kernel编译参数：

打开devtmpfs，/dev 文件系统

打开open by fhandle syscalls

打开cgroup功能

修改uboot

source/boot/fastboot/include/configs godbox.h
#define CONFIG_SHOW_MEMORY_LAYOUT 1
#define CONFIG_SHOW_REG_INFO      1
#define CONFIG_SHOW_RESERVE_MEM_LAYOUT        1

or
cd $SDK_path;make hiboot CONFIG_SHOW_RESERVE_MEM_LAYOUT='y'

CONFIG_SHOW_RESERVE_MEM_LAYOUT='y' 编译时，打开uboot启动时输出MEM信息开关

启动时修改uboot启动参数

在uboot启动阶段，Ctrl+C进入uboot模式

 setenv bootargs console=tty1 console=ttyAMA0,115200 root=/dev/mmcblk0p4 rootfstype=ext4 rootwait blkdevparts=mmcblk0:1M(fastboot),1M(bootargs),8M(kernel),128M(rootfs),-(system)  ipaddr=192.168.10.100 gateway=192.168.10.1 netmask=255.255.255.0 netdev=eth0
 saveenv
 reset

制作ubuntu rootfs

apt-get install binfmt-support debootstrap qemu qemu-user-static
cd;mkdir rootfs
debootstrap --arch=armhf --variant=minbase  --foreign --include=locales,util-linux,apt-utils,ifupdown,systemd-sysv,iproute2,curl,wget,expect,ca-certificates,openssh-server,isc-dhcp-client,vim-tiny,bzip2,cpio,usbutils,netbase,parted,jq,bc,crda,wireless-tools,iw stretch rootfs http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/

cd rootfs
cp /usr/bin/qemu-arm-static usr/bin
mount -v --bind /dev dev
mount -vt devpts devpts dev/pts -o gid=5,mode=620
mount -t proc proc proc
mount -t sysfs sysfs sys
mount -t tmpfs tmpfs run
LC_ALL=C LANGUAGE=C LANG=C chroot . /debootstrap/debootstrap --second-stage
LC_ALL=C LANGUAGE=C LANG=C chroot . dpkg --configure -a

LC_ALL=C LANGUAGE=C LANG=C chroot . /bin/bash  #以下命令在chroot环境bash执行
mkdir /proc
mkdir /tmp
mkdir /sys
mkdir /root

mknod /dev/console c 5 1
mknod /dev/ttyAMA0 c 204 64
mknod /dev/ttyAMA1 c 204 65

mknod /dev/ttyS000 c 204 64
mknod /dev/null    c 1   3
mknod /dev/urandom   c 1   9
mknod /dev/zero    c 1   5
mknod /dev/random    c 1   8
mknod /dev/tty    c 5   0

echo "nameserver 114.114.114.114" > /etc/resolv.conf
echo "hi3798m" > /etc/hostname
echo "Asia/Shanghai" > /etc/timezone
cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

echo "en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8" > etc/locale.gen
echo "zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8" >> etc/locale.gen
echo "zh_CN.GB2312 GB2312" >> etc/locale.gen
echo "zh_CN.GBK GBK" >> etc/locale.gen

locale-gen

echo "LANG=en_US.UTF-8" > /etc/locale.conf

echo "deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian/  stretch main contrib non-free" >  /etc/apt/sources.list

ln -s /lib/systemd/system/[email protected] /etc/systemd/system/getty.target.wants/[email protected]
echo "PermitRootLogin yes" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config

apt autoremove
apt-get autoclean
apt-get clean
apt clean

制作rootfs镜像

make_ext4fs -l 128M -s rootfs_128M.ext4 ./rootfs

参考资料

[1] https://wiki.ubuntu.com/ARM/RootfsFromScratch/QemuDebootstrap

[2] http://gnu-linux.org/building-ubuntu-rootfs-for-arm.html

刷机包-二进制文件

文件下载 release fastboot-bin.bin uboot分区包 bootargs.bin uboot参数分区包 hi_kernel.bin kernel分区包 rootfs_128m.ext root根分区包 emmc_partitions.xml 刷机分区配置文件 如调整分区大小，需要重新生成bootargs.bin 和调整分区配置文件。 使用华为hi-tool,emmc烧录

uboot说明

很多同学问uboot启动，有关主要uboot参数如下,emmc存储芯片

bootcmd=mmc read 0 0x1FFFFC0 0x1000 0x4000;bootm 0x1FFFFC0
bootargs=console=ttyAMA0,115200 root=/dev/mmcblk0p4 rootfstype=ext4 rootwait blkdevparts=mmcblk0:1M(fastboot),1M(bootargs),8M(kernel),128M(rootfs),-(system)

bootcmd uboot启动引导： mmc read addr blk 指令 内存地址 mmc内地址 长度 mmc read 0 0x1FFFFC0 0x1000 0x4000 bootm 0x1FFFFC0 #从内存地址引导内核

其他

后继又在debootstrap中加入了python golang docker等软件包，并调大rootfs到4GB，同时修改相应bootargs emmc_partition。

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