JSchema

Describe and validate your JSON data using JSchema – an implementation of JSON schema v4. For more information on JSON schema please refer to the official documentation – JSON Schema Documentation.

Features

• Implements JSON Schema draft 4 strictly according to the specification
• Small, efficient and thread-safe
• No dependencies
• Clean and extensible code
• Tested on Rubinius, MRI, and JRuby

Installation

Add jschema to your Gemfile and execute bundle install.

Basic usage example

require 'jschema'

# Create a new schema describing user profile data
schema = JSchema.build(
  'type' => 'object',
  'properties' => {
    'email'    => { 'type' => 'string', 'format' => 'email' },
    'password' => { 'type' => 'string', 'minLength' => 6 },
    'sex'      => { 'type' => 'string', 'enum' => ['m', 'f'] }
  },
  'required' => ['email', 'password']
)

# Validate input and return an array of validation errors
schema.validate 'invalid_data'
# => ["`invalid_data` must be an object"]

schema.validate('email' => '[email protected]', 'password' => 'kielbasa')
# => []

# Validate input and return boolean value indicating validation result
schema.valid? 'invalid_data'
# => false

schema.valid?('email' => '[email protected]', 'password' => 'kielbasa')
# => true

More advanced example

The following example shows how you can validate user's input. In this example we implement a simple service that allows us to search for comics.

First let's define schema for the search query. It can also be used as documentation for our service. We can add title and description fields for each query param.

// comic_search_query.json
{
    "title": "Comic search query",
    "description": "Fetches lists of comics with optional filters",
    "type": "object",
    "properties": {
        "characters": {
            "description": "Return only comics which feature the specified characters",
            "type": "array",
            "items": { "pattern": "^\\d+$" },
            "minItems": 1
        },
        "format": {
            "description": "Filter by the issue format type (comic or collection)",
            "type": "string",
            "enum": [ "comic", "collection" ]
        },
        "hasDigitalIssue": {
            "description": "Include only results which are available digitally",
            "type": "string",
            "enum": [ "1", "0" ],
            "default": "1"
        },
        "limit": {
            "description": "Limit the result set to the specified number of resources",
            "type": "integer",
            "minimum": 1,
            "maximum": 100
        }
    },
    "required": [ "characters" ]
}

Now we can use our query schema in order to validate user's input. Here is implementation of the comic search service:

# config.ru
require 'jschema'
require 'rack'
require 'json'

class ComicSearch
  class << self
    def call(env)
      request = Rack::Request.new(env)

      # Validate request params using JSON schema
      validation_errors = query_schema.validate(request.params)

      if validation_errors.empty?
        # Query is valid, request can be processed further
        Rack::Response.new('Valid query', 200)
      else
        # Query is not valid, show validation errors
        Rack::Response.new(validation_errors, 400)
      end
    end

    private

    def query_schema
      # Create a new instance of JSchema unless it has
      # already been created.
      Thread.current[:schema] ||= begin
        schema_data = JSON.parse File.read('comic_search_query.json')
        JSchema.build(schema_data)
      end
    end
  end
end

run ComicSearch

Run the service:

$ rackup -D

Make a valid request:

$ curl -v --globoff ":9292/?characters[]=1"
...
< HTTP/1.1 200 OK

Make a bad request:

$ curl -v --globoff ":9292/?characters[]=first"
...
< HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request
< first must match pattern "^\\d+$"

Fragments

You can validate against part of a schema by extracting it into a new schema object with Schema#fragment:

schema = JSchema.build(
  'type' => 'object',
  'properties' => {
    'email': { '$ref' => '#/definitions/email' }
  },
  'definitions' => {
    'email' => { 'type' => 'string', 'format' => 'email' }
  })

email_schema = schema.fragment('#/definitions/email')
email_schema.valid?('[email protected]')
# => true

email_schema.valid?('invalidexample.com')
# => false

Contributing

Pull requests are very welcome!

• Please make sure that your changes don't break the tests by running:

  $ bundle exec rake
  

• Run a single test suite:

  $ ruby -Ilib test/test_suite.rb
  

• Run a single test:

  $ ruby -Ilib test/test_suite.rb -n /test_method_name/
  

License

MIT License (MIT)