NsCDE / Nscde
Projects that are alternatives of or similar to Nscde
Not so Common Desktop Environment (NsCDE)
Notices:
- For a full documentation, see NsCDE/share/doc/*
- FAQ: https://github.com/NsCDE/NsCDE/wiki/NsCDE---Frequently-Asked-Questions-(FAQ)
Screenshots:
Video Presentations and guides:
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BwuTOghS3ac&list=PLpVwwj0aIJjeHbA38F1z693-fKIC8IHS5 Set of 12 NsCDE video presentations (commented and titled screen captures) on NsCDE Youtube channel.
Author will like to apologize for bad english in docs. A rand() function putting articles (the, a, an) will probably be more accurate.
Introduction
What is NsCDE?
NsCDE is a retro but powerful (kind of) UNIX desktop environment which resembles CDE look (and partially feel) but with a more powerful and flexible framework beneath-the-surface, more suited for 21st century unix-like and Linux systems and user requirements than original CDE.
NsCDE can be considered as a heavyweight FVWM theme on steroids, but combined with a couple other free software components and custom FVWM applications and a lot of configuration, NsCDE can be considered a lightweight hybrid desktop environment.
In other words, NsCDE is a heavy FVWM (ab)user. It consists of a set of FVWM applications and configurations, enriched with Python and Shell background drivers, couple of the additional free software tools and applications.
Visually, NsCDE mimics CDE, the well known Common Desktop Environment of many comercial UNIX systems of the nineties. It supports CDE backdrops and palettes with FVWM colorsets and has a theme generator for Xt, Xaw, Motif, GTK2, GTK3, Qt4 and Qt5. Integrating all these bits and pieces, the user gets a retro visual experience across almost all X11 applications. Enriched with a bunch of powerful FVWM concepts and functions, modern applications and font rendering, NsCDE acts as a link between classic CDE look and a fast and extensible environment, well suited for modern day computing.
NsCDE can even be integrated into existing desktop environments as a FVWM window manager wrapper for session handling and additional DE functionality.
Nevertheless, NsCDE is designed for UNIX oriented users, and generally technical persons, and not as something for general public use or for introducing beginners to a Linux or some other unix-like system.
As said, NsCDE's main goal is to revive the look and feel of the Common Desktop Environment found on many UNIX and unix-like systems during nineties and the first decade of the 21st century, but with a slightly polished interface (XFT, unicode, dynamic changes, rich key and mouse bindings, desk pages, rich menus etc.). The goal is a comfortable "retro" environment which is not just eye candy toy, but a real working environment for users who contrary to mainstream trends really like CDE, thus making semi-optimal blend of usability and compatibility with modern tools with a look and feel which mainstream abadoned for some new fashion, and ... in a nutshell, giving to user the best of the both worlds.
the excellent FVWM window manager is the main driver behind NsCDE with its endless options for customization, GUI Script engine, Colorsets, and modules. NsCDE is largely a wrapper around FVWM -- sort of like a heavyweight theme.
Other main components are GTK2, GTK3, Qt4 and Qt5 theme for unifying look and feel for most Unix/Linux applications, custom scripts which are helpers and backend workers for GUI parts and some data from the original CDE, such as icons, palettes, and backdrops.
Why NsCDE?
Since the nineties, I have always liked this environment and its somewhat crude socrealistic look in a contrast to "modern" Windows and GNOME approach which is going in the opposite taste from what I always liked to see on my screen. I have created this environment for my own usage 8-10 years ago and it was a patchwork, chaotic and not well suited for sharing with someone. While it looked ok on the surface, behind it was years of ad hoc hacks and senseless configurations and scripts, dysfunctional menus etc. Couple of months in a row I had the time and chance to rewrite this as a more consistent environment, first for myself, and during this process, idea came to do it even better, and put it on the web for everyone else who may like this idea of a modern CDE.
NsCDE is intended for people who don't like "modern" hypes, interfaces that try to mimic Mac and Windows and reimplement their ideas for non-technical user's desktops, and reimplementing them poorly. Older and mature system administrators, programmers and generally people with a Unix background are more likely to have attraction to NsCDE. It is probably not well suited for beginners.
Of course, the question arises: why not simply use the original CDE now that it is open source?
Apart from its desirable look, because it has its own problems: It is a product from the 90s, based on Motif and a long time has passed since then. In CDE there is really no XFT font rendering, no immediate application dynamic changes. Beside that, I have found dtwm, CDE's window manager, inferior to FVWM and some 3rd party solutions which can be paired with it. So I wanted the best of the two worlds: good old retro look and feel from original CDE, but more flexible, modern and maintained "driver" behind it, which will allow for individual customizations as one find's them fit for their own amusement and usage. As it will be seen later, there are some intentional differences between CDE and NsCDE - a middle line between trying to stay as close as possible to look of the CDE, but with more flexibility and functionality on the second and third look.
Components of the NsCDE
Components overview
NsCDE is a wrapper and a bunch of configurations, scripts and apps around FVWM. FVWM is in my opinion a model of free choice for people who like to have things set up by their own wishes and who are aware what real freedom of choice is. A stunning contrast to policies forced on Linux users in the last decade from the mainstream desktop players.
NsCDE is by default rooted in /opt/NsCDE ($NSCDE_ROOT), but it can be relocated with only one variable changed in main wrapper bin/nscde and NsCDE-Main.conf.
It is not using your existing $HOME/.fvwm but sets $FVWM_USERDIR to $HOME/.NsCDE, and uses /opt/NsCDE/config as a sources of configuration.
Configuration model is a bit complex, but very flexible: configuration options are grouped in logical order. Configuration files are names NsCDE-.conf. For example, NsCDE-Functions.conf for FVWM functions. Each configuration file can have two exclusive sources, and one additional. For example, if user doesn't have $FVWM_USERDIR/NsCDE-Functions.conf, then $NSCDE_ROOT/config/NsCDE-Functions.conf is read as default. Additionally, if $FVWM_USERDIR/NsCDE-Functions.local exists, it will be read in addition to conf file, from wherever it was read. This is intended as a primary mechanism for customization: If user doesn't need to override and change a lot of "system" configuration, but just add it's own in addition to existing, local file is place for such customization (of course, most parts of the existing FVWM configuration can be overridden or destroyed and recreated even in local files.