Linux Clash 教程

clash 官方地址：https://github.com/Dreamacro/clash

安装 Clash

1. 下载对应的 clash 版本

   下载地址：https://github.com/Dreamacro/clash/releases

2. 解压 clash

3. 将解压出的文件重命名成 clash

4. 将 clash 移动到 /usr/bin/ 目录下

5. 赋予 clash 可执行权限

   sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/clash
   

6. 检查 clash 是否安装成功

   clash -v
   

   返回以下内容说明安装成功：

   Clash v0.13.0-0-g744728c linux 386 Sat Mar 30 06:23:03 UTC 2019
   

修改配置

默认配置目录是 $HOME/.config/clash

配置文件的名称是 config.yml

如果要使用其他目录，可以使用 -d 控制配置目录

例如，您可以使用当前目录作为配置目录

clash -d .

默认配置目录启动

clash

config.yml 配置示例

# port of HTTP
port: 7890

# port of SOCKS5
socks-port: 7891

# redir port for Linux and macOS
# redir-port: 7892

allow-lan: false

# Rule / Global/ Direct (default is Rule)
mode: Rule

# set log level to stdout (default is info)
# info / warning / error / debug / silent
log-level: info

# A RESTful API for clash
external-controller: 127.0.0.1:9090

# you can put the static web resource (such as clash-dashboard) to a directory, and clash would serve in `${API}/ui`
# input is a relative path to the configuration directory or an absolute path
# external-ui: folder

# Secret for RESTful API (Optional)
# secret: ""

# dns:
  # enable: true # set true to enable dns (default is false)
  # ipv6: false # default is false
  # listen: 0.0.0.0:53
  # enhanced-mode: redir-host
  # nameserver:
  #   - 114.114.114.114
  #   - tls://dns.rubyfish.cn:853 # dns over tls
  # fallback: # concurrent request with nameserver, fallback used when GEOIP country isn't CN
  #   - tcp://1.1.1.1

Proxy:

# shadowsocks
# The types of cipher are consistent with go-shadowsocks2
# support AEAD_AES_128_GCM AEAD_AES_192_GCM AEAD_AES_256_GCM AEAD_CHACHA20_POLY1305 AES-128-CTR AES-192-CTR AES-256-CTR AES-128-CFB AES-192-CFB AES-256-CFB CHACHA20-IETF XCHACHA20
# In addition to what go-shadowsocks2 supports, it also supports chacha20 rc4-md5 xchacha20-ietf-poly1305
- { name: "ss1", type: ss, server: server, port: 443, cipher: AEAD_CHACHA20_POLY1305, password: "password" }

# old obfs configuration remove after prerelease
- name: "ss2"
  type: ss
  server: server
  port: 443
  cipher: AEAD_CHACHA20_POLY1305
  password: "password"
  plugin: obfs
  plugin-opts:
    mode: tls # or http
    # host: bing.com

- name: "ss3"
  type: ss
  server: server
  port: 443
  cipher: AEAD_CHACHA20_POLY1305
  password: "password"
  plugin: v2ray-plugin
  plugin-opts:
    mode: websocket # no QUIC now
    # tls: true # wss
    # skip-cert-verify: true
    # host: bing.com
    # path: "/"
    # headers:
    #   custom: value

# vmess
# cipher support auto/aes-128-gcm/chacha20-poly1305/none
- { name: "vmess", type: vmess, server: server, port: 443, uuid: uuid, alterId: 32, cipher: auto }
# with tls
- { name: "vmess", type: vmess, server: server, port: 443, uuid: uuid, alterId: 32, cipher: auto, tls: true }
# with tls and skip-cert-verify
- { name: "vmess", type: vmess, server: server, port: 443, uuid: uuid, alterId: 32, cipher: auto, tls: true, skip-cert-verify: true }
# with ws-path and ws-headers
- { name: "vmess", type: vmess, server: server, port: 443, uuid: uuid, alterId: 32, cipher: auto, network: ws, ws-path: /path, ws-headers: { Host: v2ray.com } }
# with ws + tls
- { name: "vmess", type: vmess, server: server, port: 443, uuid: uuid, alterId: 32, cipher: auto, network: ws, ws-path: /path, tls: true }

# socks5
- { name: "socks", type: socks5, server: server, port: 443 }
# socks5 with authentication
- { name: "socks", type: socks5, server: server, port: 443, username: "username", password: "password" }
# with tls
- { name: "socks", type: socks5, server: server, port: 443, tls: true }
# with tls and skip-cert-verify
- { name: "socks", type: socks5, server: server, port: 443, tls: true, skip-cert-verify: true }

# http
- { name: "http", type: http, server: server, port: 443 }
# http with authentication
- { name: "http", type: http, server: server, port: 443, username: "username", password: "password" }
# with tls (https)
- { name: "http", type: http, server: server, port: 443, tls: true }
# with tls (https) and skip-cert-verify
- { name: "http", type: http, server: server, port: 443, tls: true, skip-cert-verify: true }

Proxy Group:
# url-test select which proxy will be used by benchmarking speed to a URL.
- { name: "auto", type: url-test, proxies: ["ss1", "ss2", "vmess1"], url: "http://www.gstatic.com/generate_204", interval: 300 }

# fallback select an available policy by priority. The availability is tested by accessing an URL, just like an auto url-test group.
- { name: "fallback-auto", type: fallback, proxies: ["ss1", "ss2", "vmess1"], url: "http://www.gstatic.com/generate_204", interval: 300 }

# load-balance: The request of the same eTLD will be dial on the same proxy.
- { name: "load-balance", type: load-balance, proxies: ["ss1", "ss2", "vmess1"], url: "http://www.gstatic.com/generate_204", interval: 300 }

# select is used for selecting proxy or proxy group
# you can use RESTful API to switch proxy, is recommended for use in GUI.
- { name: "Proxy", type: select, proxies: ["ss1", "ss2", "vmess1", "auto"] }

Rule:
- DOMAIN-SUFFIX,google.com,auto
- DOMAIN-KEYWORD,google,auto
- DOMAIN,google.com,auto
- DOMAIN-SUFFIX,ad.com,REJECT
- IP-CIDR,127.0.0.0/8,DIRECT
- SOURCE-IP-CIDR,192.168.1.201/32,DIRECT
- GEOIP,CN,DIRECT
# FINAL would remove after prerelease
# you also can use `FINAL,Proxy` or `FINAL,,Proxy` now
- MATCH,auto

编写 systemd 服务脚本

在 /lib/systemd/system/ 目录下创建 [email protected] 文件

sudo vim /lib/systemd/system/[email protected]

写入以下内容(不用修改)并保存:

[Unit]
Description=A rule based proxy in Go for %i.
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
User=%i
Restart=on-abort
ExecStart=/usr/bin/clash

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

为用户帐户运行 clash 系统实例

重新加载 systemd 模块

systemctl daemon-reload

启动 clash 服务

user 表示的是当前用户名

systemctl start [email protected]

例如：

systemctl start [email protected]

设置开机自启

systemctl enable [email protected]

问题

权限不足

$ sudo systemctl status clash

● clash.service - A rule based proxy in Go for shitao.
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/clash.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Tue 2019-06-18 17:27:18 CST; 4s ago
  Process: 6777 ExecStart=/usr/bin/clash (code=exited, status=203/EXEC)
 Main PID: 6777 (code=exited, status=203/EXEC)

Jun 18 17:27:18 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started A rule based proxy in Go for shitao..
Jun 18 17:27:18 localhost.localdomain systemd[6777]: clash.service: Failed to execute command: Permission denied
Jun 18 17:27:18 localhost.localdomain systemd[6777]: clash.service: Failed at step EXEC spawning /usr/bin/clash: Permission denied
Jun 18 17:27:18 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: clash.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=203/EXEC
Jun 18 17:27:18 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: clash.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.

修改 selinux 成被动模式

sudo vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux

SELINUX=permissive