JSON Maker
JSON Maker is a C library used to code JSON objects in null-terminated strings.
Surely the most effective method to create simple JSON objects is to use sprintf. But when you need to reuse code, nest objects or include arrays you can fall into the formatted-strings hell.
- Backslash escapes are automatically added. Only in the fields of type string.
- By means of compilation options, the use of print can be avoided. This is very useful in embedded systems with memory constraint.
If you need a JSON parser please visit: https://github.com/rafagafe/tiny-json
Philosophy
To form JSON objects in strings of characters are invoked sequences of functions that concatenate sub-strings. Each substring includes a field of the JSON object, key-value. To add fields of the type object or array you need to invoke two functions, one to open and another to close.
struct weather {
int temp;
int hum;
};
/** Convert a weather structure in a JSON string.
* @param dest Destination memory block.
* @param src Source structure.
* @return The length of the null-terminated string in dest. */
int weather_to_json( char* dest, struct weather const* src ) {
char* p = dest; // p always points to the null character
p = json_objOpen( p, NULL ); // --> {\0
p = json_int( p, "temp", src->temp ); // --> {"temp":22,\0
p = json_int( p, "hum", src->hum ); // --> {"temp":22,"hum":45,\0
p = json_objClose( p ); // --> {"temp":22,"hum":45},\0
p = json_end( p ); // --> {"temp":22,"hum":45}\0
return p - dest;
}
The complexity of these sequences of concatenations is kept in O(n) thanks to the fluent interface of JSON Maker.
It is very easy to extend the library by creating methods to convert C structures into JSON fields of object type. As with the arrays.
struct weather {
int temp;
int hum;
};
/* Add a time object property in a JSON string.
"name":{"temp":-5,"hum":48}, */
char* json_weather( char* dest, char const* name, struct weather const* weather ) {
// dest always points to the null character
dest = json_objOpen( dest, name ); // --> "name":{\0
dest = json_int( dest, "temp", weather->temp ); // --> "name":{"temp":22,\0
dest = json_int( dest, "hum", weather->hum ); // --> "name":{"temp":22,"hum":45,\0
dest = json_objClose( dest ); // --> "name":{"temp":22,"hum":45},\0
return dest;
}
struct time {
int hour;
int minute;
};
/* Add a time object property in a JSON string.
"name":{"hour":18,"minute":32}, */
char* json_time( char* dest, char const* name, struct time const* time ) {
dest = json_objOpen( dest, name );
dest = json_int( dest, "hour", time->hour );
dest = json_int( dest, "minute", time->minute );
dest = json_objClose( dest );
return dest;
}
struct measure {
struct weather weather;
struct time time;
};
/** Convert a weather structure in a JSON string.
* {"weather":{"temp":-5,"hum":48},"time":{"hour":18,"minute":32}}
* @param dest Destination memory block.
* @param src Source structure.
* @return The length of the null-terminated string in dest. */
int measure_to_json( char* dest, struct measure const* measure ) {
char* p = json_objOpen( dest, NULL );
p = json_weather( p, "weather", &measure->weather );
p = json_time( p, "time", &measure->time );
p = json_objClose( p );
p = json_end( p );
return p - dest;
}
To see more nested JSON objects and arrays please read example.c.
#Building and Testing
JSON Maker is built as a static library. JSON Maker relies on CMake and CTest for building and testing (see https://cmake.org/ for more information).
The library is found under {project_root}/build/lib/static, the executables under {project_root}/build/bin.
Two configurations are supported, Debug and Release. You can use option CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE to change from the default (Debug).
The following examples assume Debug builds, except for install which uses Release.
Create the build folder
mkdir build
cd build##Building the static library
cmake --configure ..
cmake --build .##Installing the static library
if you are not super-user or don't want to use sudo you can install the library in your home's opt folder.
cmake --configure -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release..
cmake --build .As sudo/root (will use default /usr/local/ on Unix)
cmake --install .
As a regular user
cmake --install . --prefix $HOME/opt
##Building the sample application
cmake --configure -DBUILD_SAMPLES=ON ..
cmake --build .##Runing the tests
cmake --configure ..
cmake --build .
cd tests
ctest .