nvidia-vaapi-driver
This is an VA-API implementation that uses NVDEC as a backend. This implementation is specifically designed to be used by Firefox for accelerated decode of web content, and may not operate correctly in other applications.
Table of contents
Codec Support
Hardware decoding only, encoding is not supported.
| Codec | Supported | Comments |
|---|---|---|
| AV1 | Firefox 98+ is required. | |
| H.264 | ||
| HEVC | ||
| VP8 | ||
| VP9 | Requires being compiled with gstreamer-codecparsers-1.0 |
|
| MPEG-2 | ||
| VC-1 | ||
| MPEG-4 | VA-API does not supply enough of the original bitstream to allow NVDEC to decode it. | |
| JPEG | This is unlikely to ever work, the two APIs are too different. |
YUV444 is supported but requires:
- >= Turing (20XX/16XX)
- HEVC
- Direct backend
To view which codecs your card is capable of decoding you can use the vainfo command with this driver installed, or visit the NVIDIA website here.
Installation
To install and use nvidia-vaapi-driver, follow the steps in installation and configuration. It is recommended to follow testing as well to verify hardware acceleration is working as intended.
Requirements
- NVIDIA driver series 470 or 500+
Package manager
| Distribution | Package name |
|---|---|
| ArchAUR | libva-nvidia-driver |
| ArchAUR | nvidia-vaapi-driver-git |
| Debian,Ubuntu | nvidia-vaapi-driverdebian ubuntu |
| Fedora, RHEL and derivates (Rocky, Alma, etc). | nvidia-vaapi-driver |
Feel free to add your distributions package in an issue/PR.
Building
You'll need meson, the gstreamer-plugins-bad library, and nv-codec-headers installed.
| Package manager | Packages | Optional packages for additional codec support |
|---|---|---|
| pacman | meson gst-plugins-bad ffnvcodec-headers | |
| apt | meson gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad libffmpeg-nvenc-dev libva-dev | libgstreamer-plugins-bad1.0-dev |
| yum/dnf | meson libva-devel gstreamer1-plugins-bad-freeworld nv-codec-headers | gstreamer1-plugins-bad-free-devel |
Then run the following commands:
meson setup build
meson install -C buildRemoval
By default the driver installs itself as /usr/lib64/dri/nvidia_drv_video.so (this might be /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/nvidia_drv_video.so on some distros). To uninstall the driver, simply remove this file. In addition, this file is usually symlinked to /usr/lib64/dri/vdpau_drv_video.so (or /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/dri/vdpau_drv_video.so) if the VDPAU to VA-API driver is installed, so this symlink will need to be restored for that driver to work normally again.
Configuration
IMPORTANT: The direct backend is currently required on NVIDIA driver series 525 due to a regression (see issue #126).
Kernel parameters
This library requires that the nvidia_drm kernel module is configured with the parameter nvidia-drm.modeset=1
Environment Variables
Environment variables used to control the behavior of this library.
| Variable | Purpose |
|---|---|
NVD_LOG |
Used to control logging. 1 to log to stdout, anything else to append to the given file. |
NVD_MAX_INSTANCES |
Controls the maximum concurrent instances of the driver will be allowed per-process. This option is only really useful for older GPUs with not much VRAM, especially with Firefox on video heavy websites. |
NVD_BACKEND |
Controls which backend this library uses. Either egl (default), or direct. See direct backend for more details. |
Firefox
To use the driver with firefox you will need at least Firefox 96, the following config options need to be set in the about:config page:
| Option | Value | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| media.ffmpeg.vaapi.enabled | true | Required, enables the use of VA-API. |
| media.rdd-ffmpeg.enabled | true | Required, default on FF97. Forces ffmpeg usage into the RDD process, rather than the content process. |
| media.av1.enabled | false | Optional, disables AV1. If your GPU doesn't support AV1, this will prevent sites using it and falling back to software decoding. |
| gfx.x11-egl.force-enabled | true | Required, this driver requires that Firefox use the EGL backend. It may be enabled by default. It is recommended to test it with the MOZ_X11_EGL=1 environment variable before enabling it in the Firefox configuration. |
| widget.dmabuf.force-enabled | true | Required on NVIDIA 470 series drivers, and currently REQUIRED on 500+ drivers due to a Firefox change. Note that Firefox isn't coded to allow DMA-BUF support without GBM support, so it may not function completely correctly when it's forced on. |
In addition the following environment variables need to be set. For permanent configuration /etc/environment may suffice.
| Variable | Value | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| MOZ_DISABLE_RDD_SANDBOX | 1 | Disables the sandbox for the RDD process that the decoder runs in. |
| EGL_PLATFORM | wayland | Required on FF98+ when running on Wayland, due to a regression that has been introduced. |
| LIBVA_DRIVER_NAME | nvidia | For libva versions prior to 2.15, this forces libva to load the nvidia backend. |
| __EGL_VENDOR_LIBRARY_FILENAMES | /usr/share/glvnd/egl_vendor.d/10_nvidia.json | Required for the 470 driver series only. It overrides the list of drivers the glvnd library can use to prevent Firefox from using the MESA driver by mistake. |
When libva is used it will log out some information, which can be excessive when Firefox initalises it multiple times per page. This logging can be suppressed by adding the following line to the /etc/libva.conf file:
LIBVA_MESSAGING_LEVEL=1
Chrome
Chrome is currently unsupported, and will not function.
MPV
Currently this only works with a build of MPV from git master.
There's no real reason to run it with mpv except for testing, as mpv already supports using nvdec directly. The test.sh script will run mpv with the file provided and various environment variables set to use the newly built driver
Direct Backend
The direct backend is a experimental backend that accesses the NVIDIA kernel driver directly, rather than using EGL to share the buffers. This allows us a greater degree of control over buffer allocation and freeing.
The direct backend has been tested on a variety of hardware from the Kepler to Lovelace generations, and seems to be working fine. If you find any compatibility issues, please leave a comment here.
Given this backend accesses the NVIDIA driver directly, via NVIDIA's unstable API, this module is likely to break often with new versions of the kernel driver. If you encounter issues using this backend raise an issue and including logs generated by NVD_LOG=1.
This backend uses headers files from the NVIDIA open-gpu-kernel-modules
project. The extract_headers.sh script, along with the headers.in file list which files we need, and will copy them from a checked out version of the NVIDIA project to the nvidia-include directory. This is done to prevent everyone needing to checkout that project.
Testing
To verify that the driver is being used to decode video, you can use nvidia-settings or nvidia-smi.
-
nvidia-settings
By selecting the relevant GPU on the left of the nvidia-settings window, it will show
Video Engine Utilizationon the right. While playing a video this value should be non-zero. -
nvidia-smi
Running
nvidia-smiwhile decoding a video should show a Firefox process withCin theTypecolumn. In additionnvidia-smi pmonwill show the usage of the decode engine per-process, andnvidia-smi dmonwill show the usage per-GPU.