awesome-env-config-cn

各种开发语言项目环境国内（中国国内加速镜像）配置教程和部分实践经验，包括github.com, nodejs，npm，nvm, yarn, java, maven, gradle, python, mysys2, elasticsearch, php等等，更多正在加入中

本项目地址：https://github.com/mengyou658/awesome-env-config-cn

TODO 待补充的

欢迎大家一起补充

ruby
pod
...

linux系统镜像源
github镜像
nodejs镜像
java JDK
- maven包管理
- gradle包管理
python
- pip 包管理
- miniAnaconda/anaconda包管理
elasticsearch镜像
- kibana (elasticsearch管理工具)镜像
php镜像
- composer 包管理镜像
msys2
- msys2 安装qt5
go
- GOPROXY解决go基础依赖无法下载得问题
rust
- cargo
github clone加速配置

linux

推荐使用阿里云镜像https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/ 包括了各种镜像
- 备用镜像，清华，推荐https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/
- 备用镜像，华为，推荐https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/：https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/
1. 举例，ubuntu，访问https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/ubuntu?spm=a2c6h.13651102.0.0.3e221b11uHDvxz

github

推荐使用chrome插件 https://github.com/jadezi/github-accelerator/ 访问github对应的网站自动展示加速连接
- 国内镜像源1，推荐：https://hub.fastgit.xyz
- 国内镜像源1，这个目前不能直接访问，下载之类的不影响推荐：https://hub.fastgit.org
- 国内镜像源2：https://github.com.cnpmjs.org 这个没有上面的快点

nodejs

nodejs 安装

镜像源：https://npmmirror.com/

官方地址：nodejs.org
- 直接下载安装（推荐使用nvm管理nodejs版本自由切换）：
  - 下载地址： https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node 选择对应的版本下载安装即可
nodejs 配置国内npm源，参考npm nodejs包管理工具配置

nvm

linux或者mac

镜像源：https://hub.fastgit.xyz/nvm-sh/nvm

官方地址：https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm

安装

linux或者mac安装，镜像：

   curl -o- https://raw.fastgit.org/nvm-sh/nvm/master/install.sh | sed -e "s/raw.githubusercontent.com/raw.fastgit.org/g" | sed -e "s/github.com/hub.fastgit.org/g" | bash
   或者
   wget -qO- https://raw.fastgit.org/nvm-sh/nvm/master/install.sh | sed -e "s/raw.githubusercontent.com/raw.fastgit.org/g" | sed -e "s/github.com/hub.fastgit.org/g" | bash

linux或者mac安装，官方：

   curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.35.3/install.sh | bash
   或者
   wget -qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.35.3/install.sh | bash

配置国内源
- 设置环境变量：NVM_NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR，bash编辑~/.bashrc，zsh编辑~/.zshrc
```
    export NVM_NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR=https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node
```

windows

镜像源：https://hub.fastgit.org/coreybutler/nvm-windows

官方推荐地址：https://github.com/coreybutler/nvm-windows
- 安装
  - 镜像： https://hub.fastgit.org/coreybutler/nvm-windows/releases 下载最新的版本
  - 官方： https://github.com/coreybutler/nvm-windows/releases/ 下载最新的版本
- 配置国内源
  - 设置
```
    nvm node_mirror https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node
    nvm npm_mirror https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/npm/
```

yarn

yarn 安装

官方地址：https://yarnpkg.com/
- 需要首先安装nodejs
- 然后使用npm安装yarn或者更新
```
npm i -g yarn 
或者
npm install -g yarn 
```

配置国内源

yarn config set registry https://registry.npmmirror.com

npm

npm 默认安装nodejs后就已经有了，使用以下命令查看
```
npm -v
```
npm更新，一下不适用于nvm安装的node
```
npm i -g npm 
```
配置国内源，最简单的一种方式，自动配置淘宝源中多个配置
```
npm install -g --registry=https://registry.npmmirror.com mirror-config-china
```

jdk

maven

maven安装，apache比较良心，下载相关的基本都自带镜像 http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi
- 在此页面下载，默认自动选择最快的镜像 http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi

配置国内源

打开 maven 的配置文件（ windows 机器一般在 maven 安装目录的 conf/settings.xml 或者用户目录下.m2/setting.xml ），在标签中添加 mirror 子节点, https://maven.aliyun.com/mvn/guide

<mirror>
  <id>alimaven</id>
  <name>aliyun maven</name>
  <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public</url>
  <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
</mirror>

<mirror>
  <id>jcenter</id>
  <name>jcenter</name>
  <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/central</url>
  <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
</mirror>

<mirror>
  <id>google</id>
  <name>google</name>
  <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google</url>
  <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
</mirror>

<mirror>
  <id>spring</id>
  <name>aliyun maven spring</name>
  <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring</url>
  <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
</mirror>

<mirror>
  <id>spring-plugin</id>
  <name>aliyun maven spring-plugin</name>
  <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring-plugin</url>
  <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
</mirror>

<mirror>
  <id>gradle-plugin</id>
  <name>aliyun maven gradle-plugin</name>
  <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/gradle-plugin</url>
  <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
</mirror>

<mirror>
  <id>grails-core</id>
  <name>aliyun maven grails-core</name>
  <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/grails-core</url>
  <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
</mirror>

<mirror>
  <id>apache snapshots</id>
  <name>aliyun maven apache snapshots</name>
  <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/apache-snapshots</url>
  <mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
</mirror>

gradle

gradle 安装
- 镜像：https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/gradle/ 感谢@oakfire提供
- 官网 https://services.gradle.org/distributions/

gradle 配置

终极配置，在用户目录下~/.gradle/目录下增加init.gradle文件，内容如下

 allprojects {
 	buildscript {
 		repositories {
 			mavenLocal()
 			def NEXUS_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public'
 			def jcenter_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter'
 			def m2_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/gradle-plugin'
 			def spring_plugin_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring-plugin'
 			def spring_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring'
 			def GOOGLE_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google'
 			all { ArtifactRepository repo ->
 				if(repo instanceof MavenArtifactRepository){
 					def url = repo.url.toString()
 					if (url.startsWith('https://repo1.maven.org/maven2') || url.startsWith('https://jcenter.bintray.com') || 		url.startsWith('http://mirrors.ibiblio.org')) {
 						project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $jcenter_URL."
 						remove repo
 					} else if (url.startsWith('https://plugins.gradle.org/m2/')) {
 						project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $m2_URL."
 						remove repo
 					} else if (url.startsWith('http://repo.spring.io/libs-milestone/')) {
 						project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $spring_URL."
 						remove repo
 					} else if (url.startsWith('http://repo.spring.io/plugins-release/')) {
 						project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $spring_plugin_URL."
 						remove repo
                    // 这里是安卓相关下载的加速，本地没有出现下载慢的情况，所以这个就屏蔽了
 					//}else if (url.startsWith('https://dl.google.com/dl/android/maven2/')) {
 					//	project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $GOOGLE_URL."
 					//	println("buildscript ${repo.url} replaced by $GOOGLE_URL.")
 					//	remove repo
 					}
 				}
 			}
 			
 			maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public' }
 			maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring' }
 			maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring-plugin' }
 			maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/grails-core" }
 			maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/apache-snapshots" }
 			maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/gradle-plugin" }
 			maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google' }
 			jcenter {
 				url jcenter_URL
 			}
 			maven {
 				url NEXUS_URL
 			}
 		}
 	
 	}
     repositories {
         mavenLocal()
 		def NEXUS_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public'
 		def jcenter_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/jcenter'
 		def m2_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/gradle-plugin'
 		def spring_plugin_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring-plugin'
 		def spring_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring'
 		def GOOGLE_URL = 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google'
         all { ArtifactRepository repo ->
             if(repo instanceof MavenArtifactRepository){
                 def url = repo.url.toString()
                 if (url.startsWith('https://repo1.maven.org/maven2') || url.startsWith('https://jcenter.bintray.com') || 		url.startsWith('http://mirrors.ibiblio.org')) {
                     project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $jcenter_URL."
                     remove repo
                 } else if (url.startsWith('https://plugins.gradle.org/m2/')) {
                     project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $m2_URL."
                     remove repo
                 } else if (url.startsWith('http://repo.spring.io/libs-milestone/')) {
                     project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $spring_URL."
                     remove repo
                 } else if (url.startsWith('http://repo.spring.io/plugins-release/')) {
                     project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $spring_plugin_URL."
                     remove repo
                // 这里是安卓相关下载的加速，本地没有出现下载慢的情况，所以这个就屏蔽了
                //}else if (url.startsWith('https://dl.google.com/dl/android/maven2/')) {
 				//	project.logger.lifecycle "Repository ${repo.url} replaced by $GOOGLE_URL."
 				//	println("buildscript ${repo.url} replaced by $GOOGLE_URL.")
 				//	remove repo
 				}
             }
         }
         
 		maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public' }
         maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring' }
         maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring-plugin' }
 		maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/grails-core" }
         maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/apache-snapshots" }
         maven { url "https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/gradle-plugin" }
 		maven { url 'https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/google' }
         jcenter {
 			url jcenter_URL
 		}
 		maven {
 			url NEXUS_URL
 		}
     }
 }

python

python 安装

windows 系统安装，直接下载安装包
- 阿里云镜像，https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/python/
- 官方下载，https://www.python.org/downloads/

linux 系统默认自带python，需要单独安装新版本，linux系统镜像配置请参考linux系统镜像源

ubuntu

    sudo apt-get update
    sudo apt-cache search python3*
    sudo apt-get install python3.8 # python3.5 python3.6 python3.7 等，python3.8是当前书写的时候最新稳定版本

centos

    sudo yum install epel-release -y
    sudo yum -y update
    sudo yum list python3* # 使用此命令查看当前支持的python3版本
    sudo yum install python37 # python35 python36 python37 等，python38是当前书写的时候最新稳定版本

pip

pip 安装 python 安装成功后，默认自带pip

阿里云镜像说明，https://developer.aliyun.com/mirror/pypi

windows 下配置

mkdir %USERPROFILE%\.pip\
start %USERPROFILE%\.pip\

在这个目录下创建pip.conf文件（推荐使用notepad++）写入内容如下：

[global]
index-url = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/

[install]
trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com

linux

mkdir -p ~/.pip
# ubuntu 桌面下可以使用 gedit ~/.pip/pip.conf
# vi 入门可以参考 https://github.com/wsdjeg/vim-galore-zh_cn
vi ~/.pip/pip.conf

写入内容如下：

[global]
index-url = https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/

[install]
trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com

miniAnaconda

(一般使用miniAnaconda，anaconda占用空间大，土豪可以直接忽略)清华镜像源，这里包括了anaconda的安装配置说明，https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/anaconda/
安装 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/miniconda/ 下载对应的文件执行
- windows安装下载最新的exe文件安装
- linux安装
```
wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/miniconda/Miniconda3-py38_4.8.3-Linux-x86_64.sh
sh Miniconda3-py38_4.8.3-Linux-x86_64.sh.sh
```

配置镜像

windows 下配置

conda config --set show_channel_urls yes
start %USERPROFILE%\

在这个目录下编辑.condarc文件（推荐使用notepad++编辑，如果看不到这个文件，请打开windows系统的隐藏文件选项）写入内容如下：

channels:
  - defaults
show_channel_urls: true
channel_alias: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda
default_channels:
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/r
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/pro
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/msys2
custom_channels:
  conda-forge: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  msys2: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  bioconda: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  menpo: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  pytorch: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  simpleitk: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud

linux

conda config --set show_channel_urls yes
# ubuntu 桌面下可以使用 gedit ~/.condarc
# vi 入门可以参考 https://github.com/wsdjeg/vim-galore-zh_cn
vi ~/.condarc

写入内容如下：

channels:
  - defaults
show_channel_urls: true
channel_alias: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda
default_channels:
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/r
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/pro
  - https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/msys2
custom_channels:
  conda-forge: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  msys2: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  bioconda: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  menpo: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  pytorch: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud
  simpleitk: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud

elasticsearch

elasticsearch 安装
- 华为云镜像，https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/elasticsearch/
- 官方下载，https://www.elastic.co/cn/downloads/elasticsearch

kibana

kibana (elasticsearch管理工具) 安装，需要下载与elasticsearch版本一致
- 华为云镜像，https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/kibana/
- 官方下载，https://elastic.co/downloads/kibana

php

官方下载速度不慢，https://downloads.php.net/
php 安装
- windows下
  - 一般使用phpstudy，简单方便 https://m.xp.cn/
- linux 下
  - 一键安装脚本 https://lnmp.org/install.html
  - 阿里云参考教程，https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/97251.html

composer

msys2

msys2 安装，清华镜像，https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/msys2/

msys2-qt5

msys2 安装，清华镜像，https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/msys2/

配置镜像源

修改C:\msys64\etc\pacman.d（默认安装在c盘下面）下面得mirrorlist.*文件，把清华镜像相关得移动到最前面
安装

# 更新系统包
pacman -Syu
# 基础包
pacman -S --needed base-devel mingw-w64-x86_64-toolchain mingw-w64-x86_64-cmake bash wget p7zip pacman pacman-mirrors msys2-runtime
# qt5
pacman -S  mingw-w64-x86_64-clang mingw-w64-x86_64-clang-tools-extra  mingw-w64-x86_64-clang-analyzer mingw-w64-x86_64-qt5  mingw-w64-x86_64-qt-creator

go

go 安装，goproxy.io七牛镜像，https://gomirrors.org/

GOPROXY

goproxy.io七牛镜像
环境设置

windows对应的设置环境变量即可（也可以自己手动设置环境变量，以下需要管理员运行命令行）
```
setx /m GOPROXY https://goproxy.io,direct
setx /m GO111MODULE auto
```

linux 环境编辑~/.bashrc（bash）或者~/.zshrc（zsh)

export GOPROXY=https://goproxy.io,direct
export GO111MODULE=auto

rust

rust 清华镜像 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/rustup/

windows 下安装
1. 下载 https://static.rust-lang.org/rustup/dist/x86_64-pc-windows-msvc/rustup-init.exe
2. 设置环境变量(请以管理员运行)
```
   setx /m RUSTUP_DIST_SERVER https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/rustup
   setx /m RUSTUP_UPDATE_ROOT https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/rustup/rustup
```
3. 执行rustup-init.exe安装

linux 下安装

设置环境变量编辑~/.bashrc（bash）或者~/.zshrc（zsh)

   export RUSTUP_DIST_SERVER=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/rustup
   export export RUSTUP_UPDATE_ROOT=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/rustup/rustup

安装

    curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh
    # 这里也可以下载对应的数据，直接安装 https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/rust-static/rustup/dist/
    # wget https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/rust-static/rustup/dist/x86_64-apple-darwin/rustup-init
    # ./rustup-init

rust 官方下载速度还可以 https://www.rust-lang.org/
1. windows 下安装
  1. 下载 https://static.rust-lang.org/rustup/dist/x86_64-pc-windows-msvc/rustup-init.exe
  2. 执行rustup-init.exe安装
2. linux 下安装
  1. linux安装
```
  curl https://sh.rustup.rs -sSf | sh
```
  2. wsl安装
```
  curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh
```

cargo

环境设置

windows 到 %USERPROFILE%.cargo 当前用户的.cargo目录下，新建或者修改config，内容如下

[source.crates-io]
registry = "https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
# 替换成你偏好的镜像源
replace-with = 'tuna'

# 清华大学
[source.tuna]
registry = "https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/crates.io-index.git"

# 中国科学技术大学
[source.ustc]
registry = "git://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/crates.io-index"

# 上海交通大学
[source.sjtu]
registry = "https://mirrors.sjtug.sjtu.edu.cn/git/crates.io-index"

# rustcc社区
[source.rustcc]
registry = "git://crates.rustcc.cn/crates.io-index"

linux 环境编辑vi ~/.cargo/config

[source.crates-io]
registry = "https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
# 替换成你偏好的镜像源
replace-with = 'tuna'

# 清华大学
[source.tuna]
registry = "https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/crates.io-index.git"

# 中国科学技术大学
[source.ustc]
registry = "git://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/crates.io-index"

# 上海交通大学
[source.sjtu]
registry = "https://mirrors.sjtug.sjtu.edu.cn/git/crates.io-index"

# rustcc社区
[source.rustcc]
registry = "git://crates.rustcc.cn/crates.io-index"

github-gitconfig

备注：github clone的时候使用git方式下载基本不出问题

环境设置

windows 到 %USERPROFILE%.gitconfig 当前用户的.gitconfig文件，内容如下

[url "[email protected]:"]
	insteadOf = https://github.com/

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mengyou658 / awesome-env-config-cn

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TODO 待补充的

目录

linux

github

nodejs

nvm

yarn

npm

jdk

maven

gradle

python

pip

miniAnaconda

elasticsearch

kibana

php

composer

msys2

msys2-qt5

go

GOPROXY

rust

cargo

github-gitconfig