MiniDynDNS

A simple no fuss DNS server with an build in HTTP/HTTPS interface to update IPs. It's build to be compact and simple way to access your home devices via subdomains. Something like DynDNS but just for your private needs. It's not build for performance!

• Supports IPv4 and IPv6 (A and AAAA records)
• IPs are saved to and loaded from a YAML database file
• New names can be added to the YAML file, each with it's own password
• Send USR1 signal to server to make it pick up changes in the YAML file, otherwise it will overwrite it when the server shuts down.
• The server should be stared as root so it can bind to privileged ports (like 53 for DNS). It'll then drop privileges.
• Only requires Ruby 1.9 or newer. No other dependencies.

Stuff to look out for:

• Only A and AAAA records are supported. CNAME, TXT, MX and so on won't work. Ask me or open an issue if you need that.
• HTTPS: I'm not sure how stable or reliable Rubys OpenSSL integration actually is. I've had some funny effects I can't pinpoint. Again, let me know if something comes up.
• FritzBox users: Be aware of the DNS rebind protection (DNS-Rebind-Schutz). The FritzBox will silently drop all DNS responses that contain public IPv6 addresses of devices in your home network. You'll have to add each domain name to a whitelist in your router configuration (see issue #3).

Installation

• Make sure you have Ruby 1.9 or 2 installed (e.g. the ruby1.9.1 package on Debian Linux).

• Download dns.rb, config.yml and db.yml. These three files are all you need.

• Modify config.yml to match your setup, especially the domain, soa → nameserver and soa → mail settings.

• Modify db.yml to contain your subdomains and passwords. For example:

  pi:
    pass: oAKrrpozHCDRLyPp97T7umf648aiYQpL
  pc:
    pass: UjQFD9Vm3nU6uzn7GPDYeHt9xxRURid6
  

  The IP addresses themselfs are best added later on via the HTTP interface. Either by your router or via a command line script (see "Some useful commands" later on).

• Run the server: sudo ruby dns.rb. To stop it press ctrl+c.

Right now I just leave it running within a screen terminal. But feel free to automatically start it on server boot up. If you want you can also redirect stdout into an access log file and stderr into an error log file.

HTTP/HTTPS interface to update IPs

The HTTP interface is very minimalistic: The server only understands one HTTP request to update or invalidate IP addresses. This isn't a webinterface you can use in your browser! Rather it's the interface your router can use to automatically report a changed IP to the DNS server (look for something like DynDNS in your router configuration). The HTTP interface is inspired by DynDNS and others so routers can easily be configured to report to this DNS server.

HTTP basic auth is used for all HTTP requests. The username and password have to match one configured in the db.yml file. For example with the HTTP user pi and password oAKrrpozHCDRLyPp97T7umf648aiYQpL you can update the IP address of the pi subdomain.

The HTTP request GET /?myip=[ip] where [ip] is either an IPv4 or IPv6 address then assigns a new address to the subdomain matching the authentication.

If [ip] is an empty string (GET /?myip=) both the IPv4 and IPv6 address are invalidated. The server won't return an IP for that subdomain until a new IP is assigned.

You can omit the myip parameter (just GET /). In that case the server will set the subdomain matching the authentication to whatever IP the client is using to connect to the HTTP interface. In the internet this is your public IP. If you use MiniDynDNS in a local network this will probably be a local IP address.

You can use wget on the command line or in scripts to assign a new IP to a subdomain (see "Some useful commands"). Languages like PHP and Ruby can also do HTTP requests directly.

Deleting users and changing passwords

To add or delete a user you can modify the db.yml file. Same for changing passwords: Just change them in db.yml.

But after you did that you have to tell the server to pick up those changes. To do this send it the USR1 signal (see "Some useful commands"). Otherwise the server will ignore the changes and overwrite the db.yml file when the next IP is updated.

When you change an IP in db.yml the server will ignore it. It is designed to receive all IP updates via the HTTP interface.

Some useful commands

All these commands assume that the DNS server is running on 127.0.0.2 with default ports (53 for DNS, 80 for HTTP, 443 for HTTPS).

Update a name with a new IPv4 or IPv6 address:

wget --user foo --password bar -O /dev/null http://127.0.0.2/?myip=192.168.0.1
wget --user foo --password bar -O /dev/null http://127.0.0.2/?myip=ff80::1
wget --user foo --password bar -O /dev/null http://127.0.0.2/  # set the subdomain to the clients IP

Same with curl and over HTTPS:

curl -u foo:bar --cacert server_cert.pem https://127.0.0.2/?myip=192.168.0.2
curl -u foo:bar --cacert server_cert.pem https://127.0.0.2/?myip=ff80::1
curl -u foo:bar --cacert server_cert.pem https://127.0.0.2/  # set the subdomain to the clients IP

Note: Don't use the self-signed certificate of your CA with --cacert. For some reason this causes OpenSSL to freak out and block the entire HTTP/HTTPS interface. Please let me know if you know why.

Send an USR1 signal to the server to make it pick up changes from the YAML database file:

sudo pkill -USR1 -o -f dns.rb

Shutdown the server by sending it the INT signal (like pressing ctrl+c):

sudo pkill -INT -o -f dns.rb

Query IPv4 (A), IPv6 (AAAA) or both (ANY) records from DNS server running on 127.0.0.2:

dig @127.0.0.2 foo.dyn.example.com A
dig @127.0.0.2 foo.dyn.example.com AAAA
dig @127.0.0.2 foo.dyn.example.com ANY

Query the servers start of authority (SOA) record:

dig @127.0.0.2 dyn.example.com SOA