csv2db / Csv2db
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The CSV to database command line loader.
csv2db
reads CSV files and loads them into a database.
Rather than having to go through the CSV data first and find out what columns and data types are present in the CSV files,
csv2db
will read the header in each CSV file and automatically load data into the columns of the same name into the target table.
Spaces in the header column names are automatically replaced with _
characters,
for example the column station id
in the CSV file will be interpreted as station_id
column in the table.
This approach allows you to get data into the database first and worry about the data cleansing part later, which is usually much easier once the data is in the database rather than in the CSV files.
csv2db
is capable of scanning all CSV file headers at once and generate a CREATE TABLE
statement with all the column names present.
This is particularly useful if the format of the CSV files has changed over time or because you want to load different CSV file types into the same database table.
Usage
$ ./csv2db -h
usage: csv2db [-h] {generate,gen,load,lo} ...
The CSV to database command line loader.
Version: 1.5.1
(c) Gerald Venzl
positional arguments:
{generate,gen,load,lo}
generate (gen) Prints a CREATE TABLE SQL statement to create the
table and columns based on the header row of the CSV
file(s).
load (lo) Loads the data from the CSV file(s) into the database.
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
$ ./csv2db generate -h
usage: csv2db generate [-h] [-f FILE] [-v] [--debug] [-t TABLE]
[-c COLUMN_TYPE] [-s SEPARATOR] [-q QUOTE]
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-f FILE, --file FILE The file to load, by default all *.csv.zip files
-v, --verbose Verbose output.
--debug Debug output.
-t TABLE, --table TABLE
The table name to use.
-c COLUMN_TYPE, --column-type COLUMN_TYPE
The column type to use for the table generation.
-s SEPARATOR, --separator SEPARATOR
The columns separator character(s).
-q QUOTE, --quote QUOTE
The quote character on which a string won't be split.
$ ./csv2db load -h
usage: csv2db load [-h] [-f FILE] [-v] [--debug] -t TABLE
[-o {oracle,mysql,postgres,sqlserver,db2}] -u USER
[-p PASSWORD] [-m HOST] [-n PORT] [-d DBNAME] [-b BATCH]
[-s SEPARATOR] [-q QUOTE] [-a]
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-f FILE, --file FILE The file to load, by default all *.csv.zip files
-v, --verbose Verbose output.
--debug Debug output.
-t TABLE, --table TABLE
The table name to use.
-o {oracle,mysql,postgres,sqlserver,db2}, --dbtype {oracle,mysql,postgres,sqlserver,db2}
The database type.
-u USER, --user USER The database user to load data into.
-p PASSWORD, --password PASSWORD
The database schema password. csv2db will prompt for
the password if the parameter is missing which is a
more secure method of providing a password.
-m HOST, --host HOST The host name on which the database is running on.
-n PORT, --port PORT The port on which the database is listening. If not
passed on the default port will be used (Oracle: 1521,
MySQL: 3306, PostgreSQL: 5432, SQL Server: 1433, DB2:
50000).
-d DBNAME, --dbname DBNAME
The name of the database.
-b BATCH, --batch BATCH
How many rows should be loaded at once.
-s SEPARATOR, --separator SEPARATOR
The columns separator character(s).
-q QUOTE, --quote QUOTE
The quote character on which a string won't be split.
-a, --directpath Execute a direct path INSERT load operation (Oracle
only).
How to use csv2db
Loading CSV files into the database
csv2db
can load plain text csv files as well as compressed csv files in .zip
or .gz
format without having to uncompress them first.
$ ./csv2db load -f test/resources/201811-citibike-tripdata.csv -t citibikes -u csv_data -p csv_data -d ORCLPDB1
Loading file test/resources/201811-citibike-tripdata.csv
File loaded.
$ ./csv2db load -f test/resources/201811-citibike-tripdata.csv.gz -t citibikes -u csv_data -p csv_data -d ORCLPDB1
Loading file test/resources/201811-citibike-tripdata.csv.gz
File loaded.
csv2db
--verbose
option will provide verbose output.
$ ./csv2db load -f test/resources/201811-citibike-tripdata.csv -t citibikes -u csv_data -p csv_data -d ORCLPDB1 --verbose
Finding file(s).
Found 1 file(s).
Establishing database connection.
Loading file test/resources/201811-citibike-tripdata.csv
16 rows loaded.
File loaded.
Closing database connection.
csv2db
can load multiple files at once, using either wildcard characters (e.g. data*.csv.zip) or by passing on the folder containing CSV files.
Note: String including wildcard characters have to be enclosed in ""
$ ./csv2db load -f "test/resources/201811-citibike-tripdata.*" -t citibikes -u csv_data -p csv_data -d ORCLPDB1 --verbose
Finding file(s).
Found 3 file(s).
Establishing database connection.
Loading file test/resources/201811-citibike-tripdata.csv
16 rows loaded.
File loaded.
Loading file test/resources/201811-citibike-tripdata.csv.gz
10 rows loaded.
File loaded.
Loading file test/resources/201811-citibike-tripdata.csv.zip
10 rows loaded.
File loaded.
Closing database connection.
$ ./csv2db load -f test/resources -t citibikes -u csv_data -p csv_data -d ORCLPDB1 --verbose
Finding file(s).
Found 3 file(s).
Establishing database connection.
Loading file test/resources/201811-citibike-tripdata.csv
16 rows loaded.
File loaded.
Loading file test/resources/201811-citibike-tripdata.csv.gz
10 rows loaded.
File loaded.
Loading file test/resources/201811-citibike-tripdata.csv.zip
10 rows loaded.
File loaded.
Closing database connection.
csv2db
will load all values as strings. You can either load all data into a staging table with all columns being strings as well, or rely on implicit data type conversion on the database side.
Create a staging table
csv2db
can generate the SQL statement for a staging table for your data using the generate
command:
$ ./csv2db generate -f test/resources/201811-citibike-tripdata.csv
CREATE TABLE <TABLE NAME>
(
TRIPDURATION VARCHAR(1000),
STARTTIME VARCHAR(1000),
STOPTIME VARCHAR(1000),
START_STATION_ID VARCHAR(1000),
START_STATION_NAME VARCHAR(1000),
START_STATION_LATITUDE VARCHAR(1000),
START_STATION_LONGITUDE VARCHAR(1000),
END_STATION_ID VARCHAR(1000),
END_STATION_NAME VARCHAR(1000),
END_STATION_LATITUDE VARCHAR(1000),
END_STATION_LONGITUDE VARCHAR(1000),
BIKEID VARCHAR(1000),
USERTYPE VARCHAR(1000),
BIRTH_YEAR VARCHAR(1000),
GENDER VARCHAR(1000)
);
By default you will have to fill in the table name. You can also specify the table name via the -t
option:
$ ./csv2db generate -f test/resources/201811-citibike-tripdata.csv -t STAGING
CREATE TABLE STAGING
(
TRIPDURATION VARCHAR(1000),
STARTTIME VARCHAR(1000),
STOPTIME VARCHAR(1000),
START_STATION_ID VARCHAR(1000),
START_STATION_NAME VARCHAR(1000),
START_STATION_LATITUDE VARCHAR(1000),
START_STATION_LONGITUDE VARCHAR(1000),
END_STATION_ID VARCHAR(1000),
END_STATION_NAME VARCHAR(1000),
END_STATION_LATITUDE VARCHAR(1000),
END_STATION_LONGITUDE VARCHAR(1000),
BIKEID VARCHAR(1000),
USERTYPE VARCHAR(1000),
BIRTH_YEAR VARCHAR(1000),
GENDER VARCHAR(1000)
);
csv2db
will use VARCHAR(1000)
as default data type for all columns for the staging table. If you wish to use a different data type, you can specify it via the -c
option:
$ ./csv2db generate -f test/resources/201811-citibike-tripdata.csv -t STAGING -c CLOB
CREATE TABLE STAGING
(
TRIPDURATION CLOB,
STARTTIME CLOB,
STOPTIME CLOB,
START_STATION_ID CLOB,
START_STATION_NAME CLOB,
START_STATION_LATITUDE CLOB,
START_STATION_LONGITUDE CLOB,
END_STATION_ID CLOB,
END_STATION_NAME CLOB,
END_STATION_LATITUDE CLOB,
END_STATION_LONGITUDE CLOB,
BIKEID CLOB,
USERTYPE CLOB,
BIRTH_YEAR CLOB,
GENDER CLOB
);
The idea is to have a staging table that data can be loaded into first and then figure out the correct data types for each column.
Installation
You can install csv2db
either by cloning this Git repository
$ git clone https://github.com/csv2db/csv2db
or by downloading one of the releases
$ LOCATION=$(curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/csv2db/csv2db/releases/latest | grep "tag_name" | awk '{print "https://github.com/csv2db/csv2db/archive/" substr($2, 2, length($2)-3) ".zip"}') ; curl -L -o csv2db.zip $LOCATION
$ unzip csv2db.zip
$ cd csv2db*
$ ./csv2db
In order for csv2db
to work you will have to install the appropriate database driver(s).
The following drivers are being used, all available on pypi.org:
- Oracle: cx-Oracle version 7.0.0+
- MySQL: mysql-connector-python version 8.0.13+
- PostgreSQL: psycopg2-binary version 2.7.6.1+
- SQL Server: pymssql version 2.1.4+
- DB2: ibm-db version 2.0.9+
You can install any of these drivers via pip
:
$ python3 -m pip install cx-Oracle
$ python3 -m pip install mysql-connector-python
$ python3 -m pip install psycopg2-binary
$ python3 -m pip install pymssql
$ python3 -m pip install ibm-db
For more instruction on how to install the driver(s) on your environment, please see the documentation of the individual driver or refer to the csv2db Installation Guide.
NOTE: You only have to install the driver for the database(s) that you want to load data into.
Miscellaneous
Exit codes
csv2db
returns following exit codes:
Exit code | Value | Meaning |
---|---|---|
SUCCESS | 0 | Successful execution of the program. |
GENERIC_ERROR | 1 | A generic error occurred. |
ARGUMENT_ERROR | 2 | An argument is either missing or incorrect. |
DATABASE_ERROR | 3 | A database error occurred. |
DATA_LOADING_ERROR | 4 | An error occurred during loading of data. csv2db will continue to process other files, if any. |
$NO_COLOR
support
csv2db
is capable of color coded output and will do so by default (except on Windows).
Debug output is yellow.
Error output is red.
This can be deactivated by setting the $NO_COLOR
environment variable. For more details on $NO_COLOR
see https://no-color.org/
LICENSE
Copyright 2019 Gerald Venzl
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.