JavaScript-snippets

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Table of Contents

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How to generate a random number in a given range

// Returns a random number(float) between min (inclusive) and max (exclusive) 

const getRandomNumber = (min, max) => Math.random() * (max - min) + min;

getRandomNumber(2, 10)

 // Returns a random number(int) between min (inclusive) and max (inclusive)

const getRandomNumberInclusive =(min, max)=> {
    min = Math.ceil(min);
    max = Math.floor(max);
    return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1)) + min;
}

getRandomNumberInclusive(2, 10);

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How to find the difference between two arrays

const firstArr = [5, 2, 1];
const secondArr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];

const diff = [
    ...secondArr.filter(x => !firstArr.includes(x)),					
    ...firstArr.filter(x => !secondArr.includes(x))
];
console.log('diff',diff) //[3,4]


function arrayDiff(a, b) {
    return [
        ...a.filter(x => b.indexOf(x) === -1),
        ...b.filter(x => a.indexOf(x) === -1)
    ]
}
console.log('arrayDiff',arrayDiff(firstArr, secondArr)) //[3,4]




const difference = (a, b) => {
    const setA = new Set(a);
    const setB = new Set(b);

    return [
        ...a.filter(x => !setB.has(x)),
        ...b.filter(x => !setA.has(x))

    ]
};

difference(firstArr, secondArr); //[3,4]
console.log('difference',difference(firstArr, secondArr))

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Convert truthy falsy to boolean

const myVar = null; 
const mySecondVar = 1; 

console.log( Boolean(myVar) ) // false
console.log( !!myVar ) // false


console.log( Boolean(mySecondVar) ) // true
console.log( !!mySecondVar ) // true

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Repeat a string

let aliens = '';

for(let i = 0 ; i < 6 ; i++){
 aliens += '👽'
}
//👽👽👽👽👽👽

Array(6).join('👽')
//👽👽👽👽👽👽


'👽'.repeat(6)
//👽👽👽👽👽👽

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Check how long an operation takes

//The performance.now() method returns a DOMHighResTimeStamp, measured in milliseconds.
//performance.now() is relative to page load and more precise in orders of magnitude. 
//Use cases include benchmarking and other cases where a high-resolution time is required 
//such as media (gaming, audio, video, //etc.)

var startTime = performance.now();
doSomething();
const endTime = performance.now();
console.log("this doSomething took " + (endTime - startTime) + " milliseconds.");

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Two ways to remove an item in a specific in an array

//Mutating way
const muatatedArray = ['a','b','c','d','e'];
muatatedArray.splice(2,1)
console.log(muatatedArray) //['a','b','d','e']

//Non-mutating way
const nonMuatatedArray = ['a','b','c','d','e'];
const newArray = nonMuatatedArray.filter((item, index) => !( index === 2 ));
console.log(newArray) //['a','b','d','e']

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Did you know you can flat an array

const myArray = [2, 3, [4, 5],[7,7, [8, 9, [1, 1]]]];

myArray.flat() // [2, 3, 4, 5 ,7,7, [8, 9, [1, 1]]]

myArray.flat(1) // [2, 3, 4, 5 ,7,7, [8, 9, [1, 1]]]

myArray.flat(2) // [2, 3, 4, 5 ,7,7, 8, 9, [1, 1]]

//if you dont know the depth of the array you can use infinity
myArray.flat(infinity) // [2, 3, 4, 5 ,7,7, 8, 9, 1, 1];

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Get unique values in an array

const numbers = [1,1,3,2,5,3,4,7,7,7,8];

//Ex1
const unieqNumbers = numbers.filter((v,i,a) => a.indexOf(v )=== i )
console.log(unieqNumbers) //[1,3,2,5,4,7,8]

//Ex2
const unieqNumbers2 = Array.from(new Set(numbers))
console.log(unieqNumbers2) //[1,3,2,5,4,7,8]

//Ex3
const unieqNumbers3 = [...new Set(numbers)]
console.log(unieqNumbers3) //[1,3,2,5,4,7,8]

//EX4 lodash
const unieqNumbers4 = _.uniq(numbers)
console.log(unieqNumbers4) //[1,3,2,5,4,7,8]

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Copy Text to Clipboard

function copyToClipboard() {

  const copyText = document.getElementById("myInput");
  copyText.select();
  document.execCommand("copy");
  
}
//new API
function copyToClipboard(){
 navigator.clipboard.writeText(document.querySelector('#myInput').value)
}

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Nested Destructuring

const user = {
 id: 459,
 name: 'JS snippets',
 age:29,
 education:{
  degree: 'Masters'
 }
}

const { education : { degree } } = user;
console.log(degree) //Masters

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URLSearchParams

//The URLSearchParams interface defines utility methods to work with the query string of a URL.

const urlParams = new URLSearchParams("?post=1234&action=edit");

console.log(urlParams.has('post')); // true
console.log(urlParams.get('action')); // "edit"
console.log(urlParams.getAll('action')); // ["edit"]
console.log(urlParams.toString()); // "?post=1234&action=edit"
console.log(urlParams.append('active', '1')); // "?post=1234&action=edit&active=1"

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Count elements in an array

const myFruits = ['Apple','Orange','Mango','Banana','Apple','Apple','Mango']

//first option
const countMyFruits = myFruits.reduce((countFruits,fruit) => {
  countFruits[fruit] = ( countFruits[fruit] || 0 ) +1;
  return countFruits
 },{} )
 console.log(countMyFruits)
 // { Apple:3, Banana:1, Mango:2, Orange:1 }
 
 //seconf option
 const fruitsCounter = {};
 
 for( const fruit of myFruits ){
   fruitsCounter[fruit] = fruitsCounter[fruit] ? fruitsCounter[fruit]+1 :1;
 }
  
 console.log(fruitsCounter)
 // { Apple:3, Banana:1, Mango:2, Orange:1 }

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Aliases with JavaScript Destructuring

//There are cases where you want the destructured variable to have a different name than the property name

const obj = { 
  name: "JSsnippets"													
};


// Grabs obj.name as { pageName }
const { name: pageName } = obj;

//log our alias
console.log(pageName) // JSsnippets

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The Object.is() method determines whether two values are the same value

Object.is('foo', 'foo');     // true

Object.is(null, null);       // true

Object.is(Nan, Nan);       // true 😱

const foo = { a: 1 };
const bar = { a: 1 };
Object.is(foo, foo);         // true
Object.is(foo, bar);         // false

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Freeze an object

const obj = { 
  name: "JSsnippets",
  age:29,
  address:{
	  street : 'JS'
	}
};														

const frozenObject = Object.freeze(obj);

frozenObject.name = 'weLoveJS'; // Uncaught TypeError

//Although, we still can change a property’s value if it’s an object:

frozenObject.address.street = 'React'; // no error, new value is set


delete frozenObject.name // Cannot delete property 'name' of #<Object>


//We can check if an object is frozen by using
Object.isFrozen(obj) //true

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Printing Object keys and values

const obj = { 
  name: "JSsnippets",
  age:29,
};

//Object.entries() method is used to return an array consisting of enumerable property 
//[key, value] pairs of the object which are passed as the parameter.

for(let [key,value] of Object.entries(obj)){
   console.log(`${key}: ${value}`)
}

//expected output:
// "name: Jssnippets"
// "age: 29"
// order is not guaranteed

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Capture the right click event

window.oncontextmenu = () => {
	console.log('right click');
	return false // cancel default menu
}
//or

window.addEventListener('contextmenu', ()=>{
	console.log('right click');
	return false // cancel default menu
},false)

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In HTML5, you can tell the browser when to run your JavaScript code

//Without async or defer, browser will run your script immediately, before rendering the elements that's below your script tag.
<script src="myscript.js"></script>

//With async (asynchronous), browser will continue to load the HTML page and render it while the browser load and execute the script at the same time.
//Async is more useful when you really don't care when the script loads and nothing else that is user dependent depends upon that script loading.(for scripts likes Google analytics)
<script async src="myscript.js"></script>

//With defer, browser will run your script when the page finished parsing. (not necessary finishing downloading all image files. 
<script defer src="myscript.js"></script>

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Nullish coalescing operator

// an equality check against nullary values (e.g. null or undefined). Whenever the expression to the left of the ?? operator evaluates to either //undefined or null, the value defined to the right will be returned.

const foo = undefined ?? 'default string';
console.log(foo);
// expected output: "default string"


const age = 0 ?? 30;
console.log(age);
// expected output: "0"

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Optional chaining

const car = {}
const carColor = car.name.color
console.log(carColor);
// error- "Uncaught TypeError: Cannot read property 'carColor' of undefined		

//In JavaScript, you can first check if an object exists, and then try to get one of its properties, like this:
const carColor = car && car.name && car.name.color;
console.log(carColor);
//undefined- no error


//Now this new optional chaining operator will let us be even more fancy:

const newCarColor = car?.name?.color;
console.log(newCarColor) 
//undefined- no error
					
//You can use this syntax today using @babel/plugin-proposal-optional-chaining

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globalThis

Accessing the global property in JavaScript has always posed some difficulty. This is because 
different platforms have different ways to access it.

Client-side JavaScript uses window or self

Node.js uses global

Web workers use self

The globalThis property provides a standard way of accessing the global 'this' value across environments. you can access the global object in a consistent manner without having to know which environment the code is being run in. 

console.log(globalThis) //get the global this depends on your environment

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The second argument of JSON.stringify lets you cherry-pick 🍒 keys to serialize.

const user = {
 id: 459,
 name: 'JS snippets',
 age:29,
 education:{
  degree: 'Masters'
 }
}

JSON.stringify(user,[name,age], 2)						

/*
returns

{
  "name": "JS snippets",
  "age": 29
}


*/

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Fire an event listener only once

const el = document.getElementById("btn");

function myClickHandler(){
  console.log('this click will only fire once')
}


el.addEventListener('click', myClickHandler, {
  once: true,
});

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Vanilla JS toggle

const span = document.querySelector("span");
let classes = span.classList;

span.addEventListener("click", function() {
  let result = classes.toggle("active");

  if (result) {
    console.log("active class was added");
  } else {
    console.log("active class was removed");
  }
});

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Check if a string is a valid JSON

function isJson(str) {
    try {
        JSON.parse(str);
    } catch (e) {
      //the json is  not ok
        return false;
    }
    //the json is ok
    return true;									
}

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getBoundingClientRect

//getBoundingClientRect provides you with important pieces of data about an
//HTML element’s size and positioning.

const bodyBounderies = document.body.getBoundingClientRect();
// =>  {
//       top: Number,
//       left: Number,
//       right: Number,
//       bottom: Number,
//       x: Number,
//       y: Number,
//       width: Number,
//       height: Number,
//     }

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Check if a node is in the viewport

bonus: add/remove animation depending if an image is in the viewport https://codepen.io/JSsnippets/pen/PoqrjEY

const image = document.querySelector('.animate-me');

observer = new IntersectionObserver((entries) => {
  const [ myImg ] = entries;
    if (myImg.intersectionRatio > 0) {
      myImg.target.classList.add('fancy');
    } else {
      myImg.target.classList.remove('fancy');
    }
});


observer.observe(image);

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Notify when element size is changed

see our codepen: https://codepen.io/JSsnippets/pen/dyYoYVX

const foo = document.getElementById("foo");

const observer = new ResizeObserver((entries) => {
  for (let entry of entries) {
    const cr = entry.contentRect;
    console.log = `Size: ${cr.width}px X ${cr.height}px`;
  }
});
observer.observe(foo);

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Detect if Browser Tab is in the view

play/pause video accordingly see our codepen: https://codepen.io/JSsnippets/pen/gOapPzq

const video =  document.getElementById("my-video");

const onVisibilitychange =()=>{
   return document.hidden 
     ? video.pause() 
     : video.play();
} 

document.addEventListener("visibilitychange", onVisibilitychange)

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Private class methods and fields

class Students {
  #name;

  constructor(){
    this.#name = "JS snippets";
  }

  #privateMethod() {
    return 'Come and learn Js with us';
  }

  getPrivateMessage() {
      return this.#privateMethod();
  }
}

const instance = new Something();
console.log(instance.name); //=> undefined
console.log(instance.privateMethod); //=> undefined
console.log(instance.getPrivateMessage()); //=> Come and learn Js with us

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Preventing paste into an input field

see our codepen: https://codepen.io/JSsnippets/pen/qBbyMoJ

const pasteBox = document.getElementById("paste-no-event");
pasteBox.onpaste = (e) => {
  e.preventDefault();
  return false;
};

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The void operator

The void operator evaluates the given expression and then returns undefined.

void 0;  		//returns undefined
void (0); 		//returns undefined
void {}; 		//returns undefined
void "JSsnippets; 	//returns undefined
void (0); 		//returns undefined
void (2 == '2'); 	//returns undefined
void anyfunction(); 	//returns undefined

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replaceAll

the method string.replaceAll(search, replaceWith) replaces all appearances of search string with replaceWith.

const str = 'this is a JSsnippets example';

const updatedStr = str.replace('example', 'snippet'); // 'this is a  JSsnippets snippet'


The tricky part is that replace method replaces only the very first match of the substring we have passed:


const str = 'this is a JSsnippets example and examples are great';

const updatedStr = str.replace('example', 'snippet'); //'this is a JSsnippets snippet and examples are great'

In order to go through this, we need to use a global regexp instead:


const str = 'this is a JSsnippets example and examples are great';

const updatedStr = str.replace(/example/g, 'snippet'); //'this is a JSsnippets snippet and snippets are greatr'

but now we have new friend in town, replaceAll

const str = 'this is a JSsnippets example and examples are great';

const updatedStr = str.replaceAll('example', 'snippet'); //'this is a JSsnippets snippet and snippets are greatr'

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Required Function Params

Expanding on the default parameter technique, we can mark a parameter as mandatory

const isRequired = () => {
    throw new Error( 'This is a mandatory parameter.' );
}


const getPage = ( pageName = 'Jssnippets', url = isRequired() ) => {
    return `${pageName} ${url}`;
}

console.log(getPage());

//In the above code, url will be undefined and that will try to set the default value for it which is the isRequired() function. It will throw an error as,

//Uncaught error: This is a mandatory parameter.
//at isRequired

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Get input value as a number

<input type="number" id="JSsnippets" onkeyup="checkMyType(event)" />

function checkMyType(event){
  
  console.log(typeof event.target.value) // string
  console.log(typeof event.target.valueAsNumber ) // number

}

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reduceRight

const arr = ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]

const reduceArray = arr.reduce((acc, current) => {
    return acc + current
}, "")
//return abcde

const reduceRightArray = arr.reduceRight((acc, current) => {
    return acc + current
}, "")
//return edcba

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Abort Fetch

//HTML
<button id="download">Download</button>
<button id="abort">Abort</button>

//JS
let controller;

document.querySelector('#download').addEventListener('click', () => {
  controller = new AbortController();
  const signal = controller.signal;
  fetch('https://cdn.plyr.io/static/demo/View_From_A_Blue_Moon_Trailer-576p.mp4', {signal})
    .then(() => console.log('done'));
});

document.querySelector('#abort').addEventListener('click', function() {
  controller.abort();
});

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How to change the value of an object which is inside an array

const state = [
  {
    userId: 1,
    name: "JSSnippets",
    isOwner: false,
  },
  {
    userId: 2,
    name: "React",
    isOwner: false,
  },
  {
    userId: 3,
    name: "Vue",
    isOwner: false,
  },
  {
    userId: 4,
    name: "Angular",
    isOwner: false,
  },
];

const newState = state.map((obj) =>
  obj.name === "JSSnippets" ? { ...obj, isOwner: true } : obj			
);

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Numeric separators allow us to improve our code readability

100_000_000 === 100000000 // true

300_000 === 300000 //true

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pay attention when using every

Calling this method on an empty array will return true for any condition!

const arr = []
const result = arr.every(x=> x==5)
console.log(result) //true